Quiz about Thermal Energy Review

Question 1

In some places, hot water from underground can shoot up into the air through a hole in the ground. When this happens, the ground surrounding the water increases in temperature. What happens to the molecules in the ground when the temperature of the ground increases?

Accepted Answer

c. The energy of the molecules in the ground increases.

Answer

a. More heat molecules combine with the molecules in the ground.

Answer

b. The energy of the molecules in the ground decreases.

Answer

d. The cold energy of the molecules in the ground decreases.

Question 2

A space shuttle is covered with two layers of carbon. The two layers are the same size and have the same number of molecules. When the space shuttle is sitting on the ground, the layers do not touch, as shown in the diagram above. When the space shuttle takes off, the layers move so that they are touching. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question.

How does the temperature of the outer layer compare with the temperature of the inner layer before the layers touch? What will happen after the layers have been touching for a while?

Accepted Answer

a. Before the layers touch, the outer layer is hotter than the inner layer. Once the layers are touching, the outer layer will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler inner layer until both layers reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

Answer

b. Before the layers touch, the outer layer is hotter than the inner layer. Once the layers are touching, the cooler inner layer will gain kinetic energy until the molecules of both layers have an energy of 90, because hotter things increase the temperature of cooler things.

Answer

c. Before the layers touch, the outer layer is cooler than the inner layer. Once the layers are touching, the inner layer will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler outer layer until both layers reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

Answer

d. Before the layers touch, the layers are different temperatures. Once the layers are touching, kinetic energy and cold energy will transfer between the molecules in the two layers until both layers reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

Question 3

What can you infer about samples C and D? (select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

There is more thermal energy in sample D

Accepted Answer

When connect the energy will move from sample D to sample C

Accepted Answer

Sample C is at a lower temperature then sample D

Answer

10. What can you infer about samples C and D? (select all that apply)

Answer

The thermal energy is the same between both samples

Question 4

Engineers design computers to cool down quickly so they do not break. What happens to the molecules in a computer when the temperature of the computer decreases?

Accepted Answer

a. The energy of the molecules in the computer decreases.

Answer

b. The energy of the molecules in the computer increases.

Answer

c. The cold energy of the molecules in the computer increases.

Answer

d. The computer loses heat molecules.

Question 5

True or False: This system is at equilibrium.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 6

Eric pours some iced tea into a glass. When he puts the iced tea in the glass, the energy of the glass decreases. What must be true of the energy of the iced tea?

Accepted Answer

c. Its energy increases while the energy of the glass decreases.

Answer

a. Its energy stays the same while the energy of the glass decreases.

Answer

b. Its energy decreases while the energy of the glass decreases.

Answer

d. It is impossible to know without data on the number of molecules in each object.

Question 7

Which way would energy transfer and why?

Accepted Answer

There will be no energy transfer becauase the temperatures are the same

Answer

Sample A would transfer energy to Sample B because A has less energy

Answer

Sample B would transfer energy to Sample A because B has more energy

Answer

Both samples will transfer energy to each other because they have the same temperature but different thermal energies

Question 8

Which sample has the most thermal energy?

Accepted Answer

B

Answer

A

Answer

C

Answer

Not enough information

Question 9

Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The total thermal energy of A is greater than the total thermal energy of B

Accepted Answer

The average kinetic energy of A is greater than the average kinetic energy of B

Answer

The total thermal energy of B is greater than the total thermal energy of A

Answer

The average kinetic energy of B is greater than the average kinetic energy of A

Question 10

True or False: Based on your interpretation of the diagram and your knowledge of kinetic energy transfer is sample E and sample F are at thermal equilibrium.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 11

Eryk has a bottle of ice water with a temperature of 0 degrees Celsius. When he mixes his water with Kelli's, the water now has a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius. What happened to the energy in Eryk's water?

Accepted Answer

Energy was transferred from Kelli's water into Eryk's water which caused Eryk's water to warm up.

Answer

More energy was created causing Eryk's water to warm up.

Answer

Energy was transferred from Erky's water into Kelli's water which caused Eryk's water to warm up.

Question 12

Joseph puts a piece of toast on a plate. The toast is hot from the toaster. When he puts the toast on the plate, the energy of the plate increases. What must be true of the energy of the toast?

Accepted Answer

b. Its energy decreases while the energy of the plate increases.

Answer

a. Its energy stays the same while the energy of the plate increases.

Answer

c. Its energy increases while the energy of the plate increases.

Answer

d. It is impossible to know without data on the number of molecules in each object.

Question 13

After analyzing Diagram 1 and Diagram 2 select the option that best describes the difference between the two diagrams.

Accepted Answer

Diagram 1 has more thermal energy and a lower temperature than Diagram 2

Answer

Diagram 2 has less thermal energy and a lower temperature than Diagram 1

Answer

Diagram 1 has more thermal energy and a higher temperature than Diagram 2

Answer

Diagram 2 has more thermal energy and a higher temperature than Diagram 1

Question 14

Lin cooked a pot of soup, then put half the soup in the freezer for a while. Now the soup in the pot is hot, and the soup in the freezer is cold. What is the difference between the molecules of the soup in the pot and the molecules of the soup in the freezer?

Accepted Answer

b. The molecules of the soup in the pot are moving faster than the molecules of the soup in the freezer.

Answer

a. The molecules of the soup in the pot are moving and the molecules of the soup in the freezer are not moving.

Answer

c. There is no difference because all of the soup is made of the same type of molecules.

Answer

d. The molecules of the soup in the freezer are smaller than the molecules of the soup in the pot.

Question 15

When two objects come into contact energy will transfer from...(select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

fast moving molecules to slow moving molecules

Accepted Answer

high temperature objects to low temperature objects

Answer

slow moving molecules to fast moving molecules

Answer

cold temperature objects to hot temperature objects

Question 16

Once the outer carbon layer and inner carbon layer reach equilibrium, how much kinetic energy will each molecule have?

Accepted Answer

70

Answer

1,220

Answer

810

Answer

450

Answer

90

Question 17

Louis has two sets of two gears (Set A and Set B) that he is using to build two different machines. He has all the gears laying out separately, as shown in the diagram above. Then he puts the gears into the machines so that the gears in Set A are touching each other and the gears in Set B are touching each other. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question.

After the gears have been touching for a while, which of the two bottom gears will be cooler, and why?

Accepted Answer

b. The larger bottom gear will be cooler than the smaller bottom gear, because the energy that transferred to it was spread out over more molecules.

Answer

a. The smaller bottom gear will be cooler than the larger bottom gear, because less energy has to transfer for the molecules to reach the same temperature as the molecules of the top gear.

Answer

c. The larger bottom gear will be cooler than the smaller bottom gear. It started with more total energy, so less energy had to transfer for both gears in Set B to reach the same total energy.

Answer

d. Both gears will be the same temperature, because both of the top gears had the same amount of energy to transfer and the molecules in the bottom gears start with the same energy.

Thermal Energy Review

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