Thermal Energy Review

In some places, hot water from underground can shoot up into the air through a hole in the ground. When this happens, the ground surrounding the water increases in temperature. What happens to the molecules in the ground when the temperature of the ground increases?

• a. More heat molecules combine with the molecules in the ground.

• b. The energy of the molecules in the ground decreases.

• c. The energy of the molecules in the ground increases.

• d. The cold energy of the molecules in the ground decreases.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

A space shuttle is covered with two layers of carbon. The two layers are the same size and have the same number of molecules. When the space shuttle is sitting on the ground, the layers do not touch, as shown in the diagram above. When the space shuttle takes off, the layers move so that they are touching. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question.

 

How does the temperature of the outer layer compare with the temperature of the inner layer before the layers touch? What will happen after the layers have been touching for a while?

• a. Before the layers touch, the outer layer is hotter than the inner layer. Once the layers are touching, the outer layer will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler inner layer until both layers reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

• b. Before the layers touch, the outer layer is hotter than the inner layer. Once the layers are touching, the cooler inner layer will gain kinetic energy until the molecules of both layers have an energy of 90, because hotter things increase the temperature of cooler things.

• c. Before the layers touch, the outer layer is cooler than the inner layer. Once the layers are touching, the inner layer will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler outer layer until both layers reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

• d. Before the layers touch, the layers are different temperatures. Once the layers are touching, kinetic energy and cold energy will transfer between the molecules in the two layers until both layers reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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What can you infer about samples C and D? (select all that apply)

• 10. What can you infer about samples C and D? (select all that apply)

• There is more thermal energy in sample D

• When connect the energy will move from sample D to sample C

• Sample C is at a lower temperature then sample D

• The thermal energy is the same between both samples

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Engineers design computers to cool down quickly so they do not break. What happens to the molecules in a computer when the temperature of the computer decreases?

• a. The energy of the molecules in the computer decreases.

• b. The energy of the molecules in the computer increases.

• c. The cold energy of the molecules in the computer increases.

• d. The computer loses heat molecules.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

True or False: This system is at equilibrium.

• True

• False

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-5

Eric pours some iced tea into a glass. When he puts the iced tea in the glass, the energy of the glass decreases. What must be true of the energy of the iced tea?

• a. Its energy stays the same while the energy of the glass decreases.

• b. Its energy decreases while the energy of the glass decreases.

• c. Its energy increases while the energy of the glass decreases.

• d. It is impossible to know without data on the number of molecules in each object.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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Which way would energy transfer and why?

• Sample A would transfer energy to Sample B because A has less energy

• Sample B would transfer energy to Sample A because B has more energy

• Both samples will transfer energy to each other because they have the same temperature but different thermal energies

• There will be no energy transfer becauase the temperatures are the same

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

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Rico and Bree are camping and have potatoes wrapped in foil to eat. Bree put her potato in the campfire for a while, but Rico did not. Now Bree’s potato has a high temperature. What is the difference between the molecules of the two potatoes?

• a. There is no difference because both potatoes are made of the same type of molecules.

• b. The molecules of Rico’s potato are smaller than the molecules of Bree’s potato.

• c. The molecules of Bree’s potato are moving and the molecules of Rico’s potato are not moving.

• d. The molecules of Bree’s potato are moving faster than the molecules of Rico’s potato.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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Which sample has the most thermal energy?

• A

• B

• C

• Not enough information

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Select all that apply.

• The total thermal energy of A is greater than the total thermal energy of B

• The total thermal energy of B is greater than the total thermal energy of A

• The average kinetic energy of A is greater than the average kinetic energy of B

• The average kinetic energy of B is greater than the average kinetic energy of A

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4