IB Biology Topic 5.3 Quiz

What are the main mechanisms of evolution?

• Addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division

• Natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, and mutation

• Weathering, erosion, and deposition

• Photosynthesis, respiration, and mitosis

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Explain the concept of natural selection.

• Natural selection is controlled by humans

• Only the strongest organisms survive

• Organisms randomly change their traits over time

• Organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

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What is genetic drift and how does it contribute to evolution?

• Genetic drift is the random fluctuation of allele frequencies in a population, and it can lead to the loss of genetic variation. It contributes to evolution by causing changes in the gene pool over time.

• Genetic drift is the controlled breeding of organisms to produce specific genetic traits, and it contributes to evolution by promoting natural selection.

• Genetic drift is the process of genes drifting away from the nucleus of a cell, and it contributes to evolution by causing mutations.

• Genetic drift is the intentional manipulation of genes in a population, and it contributes to evolution by increasing genetic diversity.

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Discuss the role of mutations in evolution.

• Mutations always result in harmful traits

• Mutations have no impact on evolution

• Mutations create genetic variation that can lead to evolutionary change.

• Evolution is solely driven by environmental factors and not mutations

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Explain the concept of speciation.

• Speciation is the process of a single species never changing over time.

• Speciation is the process of species evolving backwards over time.

• Speciation is the process by which new species evolve from existing species over time.

• Speciation is the process of plants turning into animals over time.

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What is the difference between convergent and divergent evolution?

• Convergent evolution is when unrelated species evolve different traits due to different environmental pressures, while divergent evolution is when related species evolve similar traits due to similar environmental pressures.

• Convergent evolution is when related species evolve similar traits due to similar environmental pressures, while divergent evolution is when unrelated species evolve different traits due to different environmental pressures.

• Convergent evolution is when related species evolve different traits due to different environmental pressures, while divergent evolution is when unrelated species evolve similar traits due to similar environmental pressures.

• Convergent evolution is when unrelated species evolve similar traits due to similar environmental pressures, while divergent evolution is when related species evolve different traits due to different environmental pressures.

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Discuss the concept of coevolution.

• Coevolution is the result of random genetic mutations in a species.

• Coevolution refers to the process of a single species evolving over time.

• Coevolution is the process of two species evolving separately without any influence on each other.

• Coevolution is the process where two or more species reciprocally affect each other's evolution.

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Explain the process of adaptive radiation.

• B

• C

• D

• A

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What are the factors that can lead to extinction?

• Increased biodiversity

• Only natural disasters

• Overpopulation

• All of the above

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What is the role of gene flow in evolution?

• Gene flow is the process of genes moving from one population to another, increasing genetic variation and contributing to evolution.

• Gene flow is the process of genes flowing within a single organism, causing mutations and contributing to evolution.

• Gene flow is the process of genes flowing out of a population, decreasing genetic variation and hindering evolution.

• Gene flow is the process of genes flowing from the environment into an organism, causing rapid evolution.

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