Heredity & Genetics Quiz

What is a gene?

• Segment of DNA with instructions for a specific protein or RNA molecule

• A type of cell

• A type of virus

• A type of protein

An allele is:

• a type of virus that affects genetic material.

• a type of chromosome found in the nucleus.

• a variant form of a gene.

• a type of protein found in the cell.

Which of these is an example of an allele?

• The gene for eye color has alleles for blue, brown, and green eyes.

• Hemoglobin is an allele.

• The flu virus is an allele.

• Chromosome 23 is an allele.

What is the role of chromosomes in inheritance?

• Chromosomes are only in plants

• Chromosomes carry genes for traits and are passed from parents to offspring.

• Chromosomes are only passed from mother to offspring

• Chromosomes have no role in inheritance

How are traits inherited from parents to offspring?

• By absorbing traits from the environment

• Through the exchange of food between parents and offspring

• Through the passing of genes from parents to offspring during the process of reproduction.

• Through the sharing of memories between parents and offspring

Explain meiosis and its role in gamete formation.

• Meiosis is a cell division in sexually reproducing organisms. It results in four haploid daughter cells. It produces genetically diverse haploid cells (sperm and egg) for sexual reproduction.

• Its role in gamete formation is to produce genetically identical haploid cells for asexual reproduction.

• Meiosis involves one round of division, resulting in two haploid daughter cells.

• Meiosis is a cell division in asexual organisms, resulting in two diploid daughter cells.

What are gametes and how are they formed?

• Reproductive cells formed through meiosis

• Reproductive cells formed through photosynthesis

• Cells formed through mitosis

• Cells formed through binary fission

Explain fertilization and zygote formation.

• Zygote forms in the stomach

• Sperm and egg join to form a zygote in the fallopian tube.

• Fertilization occurs in the lungs

• Sperm and egg combine in the liver

Explain dominant and recessive traits with examples.

• Dominant traits are physical, recessive traits are behavioral

• Dominant traits come from the mother, recessive from the father

• Dominant traits are common in females, recessive in males

• Dominant traits mask recessive traits. Example: brown eyes (dominant) and blue eyes (recessive).

Define genotype and phenotype with an example.

• Genotype: Example - AA, Aa, or aa for flower color. Phenotype: Example - Purple or white flowers.

• Genotype: Example - GG, Gg, or gg for height. Phenotype: Example - Tall or short.

• Genotype: Example - CC, Cc, or cc for hair texture. Phenotype: Example - Curly or straight hair.

• Genotype: Example - TT, Tt, or tt for eye color. Phenotype: Example - Brown or blue eyes.