Pump-Probe X-ray Spectroscopy and Scattering

What is the characteristic time scale of electron motion?

• 1 ps

• 1 fs

• 1 ms

• 1 ns

What is the main motivation for conducting pump-probe experiments?

• Measuring long-term effects

• Studying static materials

• Generating X-ray pulses

• Creating "movies" of the time dynamics of physical processes.

What is the primary focus of X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFEL) compared to synchrotrons?

• Lower peak power

• Longer time between pulses

• Higher average flux

• Higher time resolution

What is the typical time scale range of phonon processes?

• 10 fs - ns

• 10 - 15 sec

• 10 μs - 10 ms

• 42 attosec

A weak pump pulse is optimal for subsequently probing ......

• switching phenomena

• non-linear processes

• critical phenomena

• linear non-thermal pathways

Which probe is suitable to study the orbital dynamics in pump-probe spectroscopy?

• REXS

• RIXS

• XAS

• INS

Which probe(s) is/are suitable to study the time dynamics of spin or charge order in pump-probe experiments?

• XAS

• REXS

• RIXS in energy resolved REXS mode

• non-resonant IXS

What probe would you choose if you would like to study the time dynamics of orbital and spin magnetic moment of a ferromagnetic material in a pump-probe experiment?

• X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) in absorption

• REXS

• INS

• non-resonant IXS

What are goals of employing pump beams for mode-selective excitations?

• Directly driving the modes of a quantum material

• Creating molecular movies

• Get a tuning knob to control the competing phases in these complex materials

• Generating X-ray pulses