Introduction to Semiconductors

The term applied to any material that will support a generous flow of charge when a voltage source of limited magnitude is applied across its terminal.

• semiconductor

• conductor

• insulator

• dielectric

It is one complete pattern of atoms combined.

• ions

• covalent

• crystal lattice

• metal

Are those semiconductor that have been carefully refined to reduce the impurities to a very low level – essentially as pure as can be made through modern technology.

• intrinsic semiconductor

• extrinsic semiconductor

• trivalent impurties

• donor atoms

This is the amount of energy that a valence electron must have in order to jump from the valence band to the conduction band.

• PIV

• depletion region

• energy level

• energy gap

It is the process by which small amount of selected additives called impurities are added to semiconductor to increase their current flow.

• ionization

• covalent bonding

• doping

• biasing

In an n-type material, the majority carriers are

• conduction-band holes

• valence-band holes

• conduction-band electrons

• valence-band electron

When a p-n junction's depletion layer is narrowed and the device acts as a nearly perfect conductor, it is

• reverse-biased

• forward-biased

• unbiased

• none of the above

Pentavalent atoms are often referred to as

• acceptor atoms

• minority carriers

• majority carriers

• donor atoms

When trivalent elements are used in doping, the resulting material is called ________ material and has an excess of ________.

• p-type; conduction-band electrons

• n-type; valence-band holes

• p-type; valence-band holes

• n-type; conduction-band electrons

This is a schematic symbol for what type of diode?

• Schottky diode

• Zener diode

• Tunnel diode

• Junction diode