A Level Biology Gene Expression Quiz

What is the primary enzyme involved in gene expression in prokaryotes?

• RNA polymerase

• Ligase

• DNA helicase

• ATP synthase

Explain the process of transcription in prokaryotes.

• Ribosomes bind to the DNA and synthesize a complementary RNA strand

• RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of the DNA and synthesizes a complementary RNA strand.

• DNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of the DNA and synthesizes a complementary RNA strand

• RNA polymerase binds to the terminator region of the DNA and stops transcription

What is the role of the promoter region in gene expression in prokaryotes?

• Regulating protein synthesis

• Replicating DNA

• Packaging the DNA into chromosomes

• Initiating transcription of a gene

Describe the structure and function of the lac operon in prokaryotic gene expression.

• The lac operon is only active in the presence of lactose in eukaryotic cells.

• The lac operon is a set of genes that encode proteins involved in the metabolism of lactose in prokaryotic cells.

• The lac operon is a set of genes that encode proteins involved in the metabolism of proteins in prokaryotic cells.

• The lac operon is involved in the metabolism of glucose in eukaryotic cells.

How does the lac repressor protein regulate gene expression in prokaryotes?

• By promoting the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter region

• By binding to the operator region and preventing RNA polymerase from transcribing the genes

• By degrading the mRNA after transcription

• By enhancing the activity of RNA polymerase

What is the significance of the operator region in prokaryotic gene expression?

• It is the site where the ribosome binds to initiate translation

• It is the location where DNA replication occurs

• It is the site where the repressor protein binds to control the transcription of the gene.

• It is the region where the promoter protein binds to start transcription

Explain the process of translation in prokaryotes.

• Carbohydrate synthesis in the cytoplasm using mRNA, rRNA, and ribosomes.

• Protein synthesis in the cytoplasm using mRNA, tRNA, and ribosomes.

• Lipid synthesis in the cytoplasm using mRNA, tRNA, and ribosomes.

• Protein synthesis in the nucleus using DNA, tRNA, and ribosomes.

What are the key differences between gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

• Prokaryotes have transcription in the nucleus and translation in the cytoplasm, while eukaryotes have transcription and translation occur simultaneously in the cytoplasm.

• Prokaryotes have multiple linear chromosomes, while eukaryotes have a single circular chromosome.

• Prokaryotes have a single circular chromosome, while eukaryotes have multiple linear chromosomes. Prokaryotes have no introns in their genes, while eukaryotes have introns that need to be spliced out. Prokaryotes have transcription and translation occur simultaneously in the cytoplasm, while eukaryotes have transcription in the nucleus and translation in the cytoplasm.

• Prokaryotes have introns in their genes, while eukaryotes have no introns.

Discuss the role of ribosomes in prokaryotic gene expression.

• Cell division

• Energy production

• DNA replication

• Protein synthesis

How do mutations affect gene expression in prokaryotes?

• Increasing the stability of mRNA

• Decreasing the stability of mRNA

• Changing the rate of transcription

• Altering the sequence of DNA