AP Psychology Learning Quiz

What is an example of classical conditioning?

• A cat meowing at the sound of a bell because it has been conditioned to associate the bell with playtime.

• A bird chirping at the sight of a feeder because it has been conditioned to associate the feeder with food.

• A dog salivating at the sound of a bell because it has been conditioned to associate the bell with food.

• A fish swimming to the top of the tank at the sight of a net because it has been conditioned to associate the net with feeding time.

What are the unconditioned stimulus and unconditioned response in classical conditioning?

• Positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement

• Unconditioned stimulus and unconditioned response

• Operant conditioning and observational learning

• Conditioned stimulus and conditioned response

Explain the process of extinction in classical conditioning.

• Extinction is the immediate disappearance of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is presented without the unconditioned stimulus.

• Extinction is the gradual decrease or disappearance of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is presented without the unconditioned stimulus.

• Extinction is the increase of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is presented without the unconditioned stimulus.

• Extinction is the strengthening of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is presented without the unconditioned stimulus.

How does generalization and discrimination relate to classical conditioning?

• Generalization and discrimination only apply to operant conditioning

• Generalization and discrimination are not related to classical conditioning

• Generalization and discrimination are concepts in classical conditioning where an organism responds to similar stimuli in the same way (generalization) or differentiates between similar stimuli and responds differently (discrimination).

• Generalization and discrimination are terms used in cognitive psychology, not classical conditioning

What is an example of operant conditioning?

• Punishment for not doing chores

• Eating candy for getting good grades

• Receiving a reward for completing homework

• Watching TV after finishing a project

What are the differences between positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement in operant conditioning?

• Positive reinforcement involves adding an aversive stimulus to decrease a behavior, while negative reinforcement involves removing a desirable stimulus to increase a behavior.

• Positive reinforcement involves adding an aversive stimulus to increase a behavior, while negative reinforcement involves adding a desirable stimulus to decrease a behavior.

• Positive reinforcement involves removing an aversive stimulus to increase a behavior, while negative reinforcement involves adding a desirable stimulus to decrease a behavior.

• Positive reinforcement involves adding a desirable stimulus to increase a behavior, while negative reinforcement involves removing an aversive stimulus to increase a behavior.

Explain the concept of punishment in operant conditioning.

• Punishment is the process of increasing the likelihood of a behavior by applying a desirable stimulus after the behavior occurs.

• Punishment is the process of rewarding a behavior to encourage its repetition.

• Punishment is the process of ignoring a behavior to decrease its likelihood of occurring.

• Punishment is the process of decreasing the likelihood of a behavior by applying an aversive stimulus or removing a desirable stimulus after the behavior occurs.

How does shaping work in operant conditioning?

• By ignoring the desired behavior

• By providing a fixed schedule of reinforcement

• By reinforcing successive approximations of the desired behavior.

• By punishing the undesired behavior

What is observational learning and provide an example of it?

• Observational learning is learning through reading books. An example is a child learning to tie their shoes by watching their parent do it.

• Observational learning is learning that occurs through observing the behavior of others. An example of this is a child learning to tie their shoes by watching their parent do it.

• Observational learning is learning through tasting different foods. An example is a child learning to tie their shoes by watching their parent do it.

• Observational learning is learning through trial and error. An example is a child learning to tie their shoes by watching their parent do it.

How does modeling influence observational learning?

• Observational learning is not affected by modeling

• Modeling provides a demonstration or example for others to imitate or learn from.

• Modeling only influences direct learning, not observational learning

• Modeling has no influence on observational learning