Who were the Aryans?

• the highest caste in Indian society

• the original tribes of southern India

• a nomadic people who moved into India

• a group of scribes who recorded Indian teachings

Which of these is the best reason for someone in India to study Sanskrit?

• to read the ancient texts

• to understand road signs

• to run for political office

• to talk to ordinary people

The roots of Hinduism are found in the Vedas, which are

• a collection of sacred texts.

• a group of people from Europe.

• the three most important deities.

• the temples where rituals were performed.

According to the Vedas, what are the varnas?

• the proper ways to read ancient Sanskrit texts

• the true lessons Hindus should gain from reading the Vedas

• four main social classes that lead to a functioning society

• the evil spirits that prevent Hindus from escaping reincarnation

Why did Mahatma Gandhi criticize the caste system's ideas of discrimination?

• The caste system did not evolve from the jatis.

• The caste system did not align with Hindu teachings.

• The caste system prevented Gandhi from increasing his power.

• The caste system allowed Hindus to marry Catholics.

Which job was a Vaishyas most likely to do?

• herd sheep

• plow a field

• interpret religious law

• hold a government post

A person who spoke these words most likely belonged to which social class? “I have been learning about battle. My father is showing me how to use different kinds of weapons so I will be a good warrior.”

• Shudras

• Vaishyas

• Brahmins

• Kshatriyas

Why were Untouchables excluded from other Indians?

• They wanted to stay pure.

• They shared all their goods.

• They had to eat a special diet.

• They did work others considered lowly.

To certain Hindus, the soul, or atman, is a part of

• Shiva.

• the sun.

• Brahman.

• the ocean.

Which of these sentences is true of most Hindu temples?

• They contain elaborate sculptures.

• They face west toward the setting sun.

• They are placed as far from cities as possible.

• They are small so as not to distract worshipers.