Cell Specialization/Differentiation

Stem cells are

• cells that grow uncontrollably
• undifferentiated and can develop to be any type of cell

• never go through cell division
• only found in embryos

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Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?

• Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart. 
• Different genes (sections of DNA) are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells. 

• Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than blood cells. 
• A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells. 

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What is cell differentiation?

• Process by which cells produce more cells
• Process by which cells become specialized
• Process by which cells become unspecialized
• Process by which cells die

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What is one goal of cellular differentiation/specialization?

• To create specialized cells to help organism maintain homeostasis.
• To many cells.
• To make stem cells
• to make single celled organisms

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True or False. All cells contain all of our DNA.

• True

• False

Why are your muscle cells different from your nerve cells?

• muscle and nerve cells have different DNA, different genes

• muscle and nerve cells have the same DNA (same genes) but different genes are turned on

• muscle and nerve cells began with the same DNA (same genes) but some different genes were destroyed by each cell type

• muscle cells are not different from nerve cells, they are the same

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What is the purpose of some organisms having different specialized cell types each doing particular jobs?

• if all the cells were the same they would fight each other

• it is impossible for a single cell to do everything needed to keep it alive

• in multicellular organisms specialized cells work together to perform life functions

• this is not true - all cells are the same and do the same jobs

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Which cell is undifferentiated?

• stem cell

• skin cell

• muscle cell

• white blood cell

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This type of cell sends messages throughout the body in the form of electrical impulse.

• nerve cell
• sperm cell
• muscle cell
• skin cell

The skin cell and hair cell contain different sets of DNA. And that is why they are different cells.

• True
• False