Chapter 2 Influences on Learning

What was the teacher frustrated with in the beginning of the chapter?

• The student's poor academic performance

• The student's disruptive behavior

• The student's lack of interest

• The student's laziness

What did the teacher fail to realize about the student?

• The student's lack of parental support

• The student's homelessness and difficult living situation

• The student's lack of motivation

• The student's learning disabilities

According to Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, what is included in the microsystem?

• Global influences on the student's environment

• Social services provided to the family

• The student's family structure, school, and peers

• Cultural norms impacting the student's environment

Which stage of cognitive development involves the ability to think more logically and abstractly?

• Sensorimotor stage

• Preoperational stage

• Formal operational stage

• Concrete operational stage

What is the concept of object permanence in Piaget's cognitive developmental theory?

• The ability to monitor and think about one's own thinking

• The realization that objects continue to exist even if they are not in view

• The ability to understand conservation of mass

• The ability to think logically and abstractly

According to Vygotsky, what is the zone of proximal development (ZPD)?

• The distance between the sensory register and short-term memory

• The distance between the actual developmental level and the level of potential development

• The difference between what a learner can do without help and what they can do with help

• The ability to think and problem solve using three basic mental processes

What is the main focus of Erikson's psychological crises?

• The individual's cognitive development

• The individual's relationship with other people

• The individual's physical growth and maturation

• The individual's ability to process information

According to information processing theory, what is the process of attending to sensory input called?

• Encoding

• Retrieving

• Sensory register

• Rehearsal

What is the concept of schema in Piaget's cognitive developmental theory?

• The ability to infer relationships between objects based on their relation to a third object

• The ability to change schema to accommodate new information

• The ways in which we organize information as we confront new ideas

• The ability to monitor and think about one's own thinking

What is the process of giving aid to the student in their zone of proximal development called?

• Encoding

• Assimilation

• Rehearsal

• Scaffolding