Phonetics & Phonology and Morphology

Phonology is 

• the description of the systems and patterns

  of speech sounds in a language

• the study of sound structure in language

• study of the sound patterns that occur within languages

• the properties of the sounds themselves

What is a phoneme?

• the abstract unit or sound-type 

• the smallest unit of sound in speech

• a unit of sound that differentiates one word from another

• a mental representation of a speech sound

What are the speech organs? (Choose all options)

• Bilabials

• Vocal cords

• Glottals

• Velum

• Uvula

What belongs to the manner of articulation?

• Nasal cavity

• Nasal/ oral sounds

• Palatal affricates

• Glottal stop

• Pharynx

Diphthong /aɪ/ is: (ONLY 1 OPTION IS CORRECT)

• Back-central

• Front-central

• Central-front

• Central-central

Choose correct options about distribution of sounds.

• Complementary distribution is the mutually exclusive relationship between two phonetically similar segments.

• Contrastive distribution is when different pronunciation doesn't result in a different word or meaning.

• Tap; Step; Bat- [t] sound stands in a complementary distribution. (there are three different environments)

• Contrastive distribution is when a phoneme takes a slightly different form, i.e. it becomes different allophones, depending on the environment in which it appears. 

• Contrastive distribution is when sounds change the meaning of a word in minimal pairs

True or false: I have to go =  [hæftə] “hafta”- this is the example of Elision

• True

• False

True or false: Functional morphemes are considered to be a "closed" class of words.

• True

• False

True or false: Derivational morphemes make new words or make words of a different grammatical category from the stem. 

• True

• False

True or false: good, better and best are all variations (word-forms) of a single lexeme, good. 

• True

• False