Momentum and Impulse Practice

Mason, Mia, and Elijah are playing a game of space explorers. They come across an alien who asks them a question about the law of conservation of momentum. How would you help them answer?

• Momentum decreases as external forces act on the system

• Total momentum of an isolated system remains constant if no external forces act on it.

• Momentum increases as external forces act on the system

• Momentum is not conserved in an isolated system

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NGSS.HS-PS2-2

Imagine Aria and Lily are ice skaters. They are standing still on ice and then they push off each other. What happens next according to the principle of conservation of momentum?

• They move in opposite directions with equal momentum, maintaining the total momentum of the system.

• They move in the same direction with equal momentum, maintaining the total momentum of the system.

• Conservation of momentum only applies to objects in space, not on Earth, so nothing happens.

• The principle of conservation of momentum states that momentum is not conserved in any interaction, so they just fall down.

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Hannah and Nora are having a debate about collisions in their physics class. Hannah believes that in an elastic collision, kinetic energy is conserved, while in an inelastic collision, kinetic energy is not conserved. Nora, on the other hand, has different views. Can you help Aiden, who is trying to understand the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions, by choosing the correct statement?

• In an elastic collision, momentum is not conserved, while in an inelastic collision, momentum is conserved.

• In an elastic collision, the objects stick together after the collision, while in an inelastic collision, the objects bounce off each other.

• In an elastic collision, kinetic energy is conserved, while in an inelastic collision, kinetic energy is not conserved.

• In an elastic collision, kinetic energy is not conserved, while in an inelastic collision, kinetic energy is conserved.

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Ava and Anika are playing a game of pool. Ava hits a 2 kg ball moving at 3 m/s towards a stationary 1 kg ball. If the collision is perfectly elastic, what are the velocities of the two balls after the collision? Elijah, who is watching the game, thinks he knows the answer. Can you help them figure it out?

• The 2 kg ball will continue moving at 3 m/s and the 1 kg ball will start moving at 2 m/s.

• The 2 kg ball will stop moving and the 1 kg ball will start moving at 3 m/s.

• The 2 kg ball will slow down to 2 m/s and the 1 kg ball will start moving at 1 m/s.

• The 2 kg ball will slow down to 1 m/s and the 1 kg ball will start moving at 4 m/s.

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NGSS.HS-PS2-2

Priya, William, and Daniel are having a debate about impulse in their physics class. They are trying to define impulse and explain how it is related to the change in momentum. Can you help them out?

• Impulse is the product of force and the time over which the force acts. It is related to the change in momentum through the impulse-momentum theorem.

• Impulse is the product of acceleration and time. It is related to the change in momentum through the acceleration-time theorem.

• Impulse is the product of distance and time. It is related to the change in momentum through the distance-time theorem.

• Impulse is the product of mass and velocity. It is related to the change in momentum through the velocity-mass theorem.

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NGSS.HS-PS2-1

Mason and Emma are having a friendly competition. Mason applies a force of 10 N to a soccer ball for 5 seconds. If the soccer ball's mass is 4 kg, can you help Lily calculate the change in the soccer ball's momentum?

• 40 kg m/s

• 20 kg m/s

• 15 kg m/s

• 50 kg m/s

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NGSS.HS-PS2-2

Imagine Luna, Isla, and Aiden are playing a game of soccer. How would you say momentum and impulse are applied in their game?

• Momentum and impulse are used to analyze the motion and impact of the soccer ball and the players.

• Momentum and impulse are only used in physics, not in soccer games.

• Momentum and impulse are used to measure the temperature of the players during the game.

• Momentum and impulse have no application in soccer games.

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NGSS.HS-PS2-2

Imagine Emma, Ava, and Evelyn are on a road trip. They start discussing the concept of airbags in cars. Can you help them understand how airbags relate to momentum and impulse?

• The airbag increases the force experienced by the occupants, increasing the impulse

• Airbags decrease the time over which the momentum of the occupants changes, increasing the force experienced and therefore the impulse

• The airbag increases the time over which the momentum of the occupants changes, reducing the force experienced and therefore the impulse.

• Airbags have no relation to momentum and impulse in cars

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Imagine David and Daniel are on a thrilling car chase. David, in his 1000 kg car, is traveling at 20 m/s. Suddenly, Abigail calls on the radio and tells David to stop the car in 5 seconds. How much impulse would David need to apply to bring the car to a halt?

• 20000 Ns

• 10000 Ns

• 5000 Ns

• 2500 Ns

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

NGSS.HS-PS2-1

Imagine this! Our friend William is at a baseball game. He throws a 0.5 kg ball with a velocity of 10 m/s. Noah and Anika are having a debate. Noah says the ball's momentum is 5 kg m/s, but Anika thinks it's 50 kg m/s. Who is correct?

• Noah: 5 kg m/s

• Anika: 50 kg m/s

• Both are wrong, it's 15 kg m/s

• Both are wrong, it's 0.05 kg m/s

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NGSS.HS-PS2-2