Module 3: Cell Transport and Energy Harvesting

Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions

How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?

• By having no effect on the activation energy of the reaction.
• By lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.
• By slowing down the reaction process.
• By increasing the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

What happens to an enzyme during a chemical reaction?

• Becomes smaller in size
• Enzymes are unchanged by chemical reactions

• Turned into products

• Becomes a different enzyme

A special kind of passive transport where water is moved across membranes

• Diffusion
• Active transport
• Endocytosis
• Osmosis

What type of solute CANNOT freely pass through the phospholipid bilayer?

• Small polar solutes, like water

• Nonpolar solutes, like oxygen gas

• Charged ionic solutes, like salt

Molecule that is energy for cells

Sort the terms to describe the two parts of a phospholipid

Groups:

(a) Phosphate heads

,

(b) Fatty acid tails

• Polar

• Hydrophilic

• Hydrophobic

• Mixes with water

• Nonpolar

• Does not mix with water

What is the correct way to write a chemical equation?
​ (a)   -->​ (b)  

• reactants
• products

Passive transport ​ (a)   require energy, and moves solutes from ​ (b)   concentration.
Active transport​ ​ (c)   require energy, and moves solutes from ​ (d)   concentraton.

• does not
• high to low
• does
• low to high

What type of transport requires energy?

• Active transport

• Osmosis

• Diffusion

• Passive transport