Theory of Evo Alt Quiz

Some organisms have features that have different functions but similar structures, indicating that they may have evolved from a common ancestor. One example is the forelimb of humans, dogs, birds, and whales. What term best describes the relationship between these forelimbs?

• Homologous

• Vestigial

• Analogous

• Embryology

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A structure that seems to have no purpose today but scientist theorize it once had a purpose in an organism is called:

• Homologous

• Dichotomous

• Vestigial

• Fossilized

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How do fossils support the theory of evolution?

• Organisms in the fossil record are identical to living organisms.

• The fossil record provides evidence that all organisms developed at the same time.

• Individual species disappear and reappear in the fossil record over time.

• The fossil record provides evidence that organisms have changed over time.

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By looking at the different layers of the Earth, we are able to gather information about the age and environment of that area. We can also compare its age to other layers. What is the term used to describe the age of fossil layers based on its location?

• Law of Superposition

• Mutation

• Evolution

• Radioactive Dating

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According to the fossil record found in these sedimentary layers, what conclusion can be drawn about animal life in general?

• Animals did not move on to land until flowering plants evolved.

• Vertebrates appeared in the oceans before they moved on to land.

• Vertebrates evolved on land and in the oceans at the same time.

• Shelled animals and fish appeared in the oceans at about the same time.

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Which of these was NOT characteristic of the first cells on Earth?

• Prokaryotic

• Single-celled

• Anaerobic

• Contained membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus

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Which statement BEST describes how mutations are related to evolution?

• There is not a strong relationship between mutations and evolution.

• Evolution causes mutations.

• Mutations lead to new genes which may have an advantage over the old forms.

• Mutations are eliminated by evolution.

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Simple, prokaryotic organisms have been on Earth for over 3 billion years and have been able to grow and evolve into many different and successful prokaryotic organisms. Which structure evolved in cells approximately one billion years ago that allowed for the forming of more complex, multicellular organisms?

• Nucleus

• Golgi apparatus

• Ribosome

• Plasma membrane

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Which statement best supports the information in this diagram?

• The bones are similar most likely due to the organisms living in the same area.

• The bones are similar most likely due to the organisms having a common ancestor.

• The bones are similar most likely due to the organisms evolving together.

• The bones are similar most likely due to the organisms consuming the same food sources.

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In the Galápagos Islands, Darwin found many species specific to the various islands. He saw large iguanas swimming in the ocean and eating seaweed. He also found giant tortoises with carvings on their backs from whalers who had passed through a hundred years before. From all the information gathered by Darwin, two central concepts emerged to form the basis of his theory of evolution.  First, Darwin observed that variations within a species were dependent on the environment. He also discovered that adaptations are genetically coded traits that occur in organisms and enable them to be more successful in their environment.

What was Darwin's hypothesis regarding the purpose of these adaptations?

• The adaptations ensured the survival of the species.

• The adaptations ensured the survival of the individual organism.

• The adaptations had no effects on the species.

• The adaptations contributed to the species' extinction.

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