Cognition and Problem Solving Quiz

What is a formal concept?

• A mental representation of objects and categories

• A process or set of steps to solve a problem

• A concept without clearly defined characteristics

• A concept with characteristics defined by clear rules

What is a prototype?

• A concept with characteristics defined by clear rules

• A mental representation of the “best example” of a concept

• A concept without clearly defined characteristics

• A process or set of steps to solve a problem

What is hill-climbing in problem-solving?

• Solving a problem by a combination of forward- and backward-looking strategies

• A type of problem-solving algorithm in which the problem solver takes small steps, evaluating each step whether it brings them closer to the solution

• Solving a problem by using an analogy to a similar problem for which a solution is known

• A process or set of steps to solve a problem

What is convergent thinking?

• Solving a problem by using an analogy to a similar problem for which a solution is known

• Problems in which the problem solver comes to the solution all at once, not gradually

• Type of thinking in which the number of possible solutions is expanded to include multiple feasible solutions

• Type of thinking in which the number of possible solutions is narrowed down to the single best solution

What is fixation in problem-solving?

• A type of problem-solving algorithm in which the problem solver takes small steps, evaluating each step whether it brings them closer to the solution

• A tendency to approach a problem in a way that has worked in the past

• Solving a problem by a combination of forward- and backward-looking strategies

• The inability to see a problem from a new perspective

What is meant by incubation in problem-solving?

• When a problem solver sets aside an unsolved problem and thinks about something else

• Type of thinking in which the number of possible solutions is narrowed down to the single best solution

• Solving a problem by a combination of forward- and backward-looking strategies

• A tendency to approach a problem in a way that has worked in the past

What is a natural concept?

• A concept without clearly defined characteristics

• A mental representation of the “best example” of a concept

• A concept with characteristics defined by clear rules

• Any item or object that is an example of a given concept

What is working backward in problem-solving?

• A type of problem-solving algorithm in which the problem solver takes small steps, evaluating each step whether it brings them closer to the solution

• A process or set of steps to solve a problem

• Solving a problem by using an analogy to a similar problem for which a solution is known

• A problem-solving algorithm which goes from the solution and takes steps backwards to arrive at the steps toward a solution

What is an exemplar?

• A mental representation of the “best example” of a concept

• A concept with characteristics defined by clear rules

• A concept without clearly defined characteristics

• Any item or object that is an example of a given concept

What is means-end analysis in problem-solving?

• A type of problem-solving algorithm in which the problem solver takes small steps, evaluating each step whether it brings them closer to the solution

• When a problem solver sets aside an unsolved problem and thinks about something else

• Solving a problem by a combination of forward- and backward-looking strategies

• A problem-solving algorithm which goes from the solution and takes steps backwards to arrive at the steps toward a solution