Cognitive Approach to Behavior: Chapter - Thinking and Decision Making

Of the sentences below which one BEST defines thinking.

• Thinking is what we do with the information given and how we process it.

• The cognitive process of choosing an option based upon cost benefit analysis.

• The encoding and conservation of new information into schema.

• The cognitive process of analyzing new information but making no modification.

This is a cognitive process which involves a selection of potential choices based upon beliefs or actions an individual hold.

• Thinking

• Schema

• Decision making

• Formal logic

The normative model describes how thinking will occur under what conditions?

• When individual weighs what is right and wrong

• Real world conditions of people's lives

• Normal thinking patterns

• Perfect and ideal conditions

This model attempts to outline how people actually think and make decisions. Those models focus on real life situations that impact thinking patters and how best to measure these patterns.

• Descriptive models

• Normative Model

• Utility Theory

• Theory of Probability

Which of the following is the best definition of behavioral intention?

• When an individual follows patterns seen in other people for a desired reward.

• When a person's schema makes behavioral patterns.

• When an individual believes that their behavior will lead to a desired outcome.

• When a person analyzes options to make the most appropriate decision.

This study used meta-analysis (data analyzation) to investigate the correlation between a person's intention and behavior. This study found a correlation of 0.63 between intentions and behavior.

• Ajzen and Fishbein

• Albarracin et al.

• Payne, Bettman and Johnson

• Luce, Bettman and Payne

What strategy is being used when a person identifies the most important attribute and then makes a decision based on that most important attribute?

• Elimination of aspects strategy

• Satisficing strategy

• Weighted additive strategy

• Lexicographic strategy

True or False: Minimizing the cognitive effect states that people are motivated by accuracy such as maximizing decision accuracy but desire to use a less intensive cognitive investment.

True or False: Luce, Bettman and Payne study speculated that negative emotions can encourage individuals to process information more extensively making decisions.

Which study had participants imagine they were members of a charity for children who needed financial support?

• Ajzen and Fishbein

• Albarracin et al.

• Payne, Bettman and Johnson

• Luce, Bettman and Payne