MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: ETIOLOGY

• Atherosclerosis

• Arteriosclerosis

• Thrombus

• Arterial Spasm

Acute irreversible obstruction

• Arterial Spasm

• Thrombus

• Embolism

• Atherosclerosis

Gradual arterial obstruction

• Thrombus

• Embolism

• Artherosclerosis

• Coronary artery dissection

Sudden arterial obstruction

• Thrombus

• Artherosclerosis

• Arterial Spasm

• Embolism

AFTER THE OBSTRUCTIONS, WHAT IS THE NEXT PROCESS?

• Decreased cardiac contractility

• Myocardial Ischemia

• Myocardial Death

• Decreased O2 delivery to the myocardium

AFTER DECREASED O2 DELIVERY TO THE MYOCARDIUM, WHAT IS THE NEXT PROCESS?

• The Arteries becomes narrowed

• Ischemia of the myocardial tissue

• Death of Cardiac Muslce

• Decreased of Cardiac Output, as the heart struggles to pump efficiently

After Myocardial Ischemia, what is the next process?

• Death of cardiac muscle (Myocardial Infarction)

• Decreased O2 delivery to the myocardium

• Decreased cardiac contractility

• Decreased Cardiac Output

AFTER MYOCARDIAL DEATH, WHAT IS THE NEXT PROCESS?

• DECREASED CARDIAC OUTPUT

• MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA

• DECREASED CARDIAC CONTRACTILITY

• DECREASED O2 DELIVERY TO THE MYOCARDIUM

AFTER DECREASED OF CARDIAC CONTRACTILITY, WHAT IS THE NEXT PROCESS?

• DECREASED O2 DELIVERY IN THE MYOCARDIUM

• DECREASED CARDIAC OUTPUT

• MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA

• ELEVATION OF TROPONIN I

WHAT ENZYME IS ELEVATED DURING MYOCARDIAL DEATH?

• TROPONIN T

• TRYPSIN

• AMYLASE

• LIPASE