Unit 4 Week 1 Skills Test

The Birth of the Red Cross

       In 1859, a Swiss businessman named Henry Dunant was traveling through Italy when he stumbled across the aftermath of a battle. Thousands of soldiers lay wounded on the battlefield. Dunant discovered that both armies and the people living in the area had no way to treat them. So, Dunant helped create a group that would train volunteers to provide aid and relief to soldiers wounded in battle.

 

       The Red Cross was born in 1863. Red Cross workers would wear a symbol of a red cross on a white background so armies could identify the medical workers during battle. (Years later, countries with majority Muslim populations began using a red crescent instead of a red cross.) In 1864, a dozen countries signed the Geneva Convention in Switzerland. The convention called for the humane treatment not only of wounded soldiers, but also for people who came to their aid.

 

Clara Barton’s Contributions

     Clara Barton, known as the “Angel of the Battlefield,” responded to the great need of wounded soldiers during the American Civil War. When war began, Barton participated in gathering items, such as bandages and other medical supplies, to send to troops. She soon realized that she wanted to do more. So, she went to the battlefields and tended to the hurt soldiers in person. She was given permission to treat these men after U.S. Surgeon General William Hammond signed a military pass for her on July 11, 1862.

 

       Barton worked tirelessly with the wounded. She also communicated with departments to get the necessary supplies to care for the troops. After the Civil War, many soldiers were missing. Some were lost, imprisoned, or in unmarked graves. Barton created an office and supervised a search to find the missing men.

 

       Later, Barton traveled to Europe to help the wounded on battlefields in Europe, where she witnessed the work of the Red Cross organization. Upon her return to the United States, she worked to set up an American Red Cross and finally succeeded in 1882. It was a great achievement. Barton became the president of the American Red Cross until 1904.

 

The text below the photograph, published circa 1900, reads: “Before the Civil War was over[,] Clara Barton’s name had come to mean mercy and help for the wounded in war or peace alike. She was active throughout the Franco Prussian War. At its close, [s]he was invited at 42 to join The Red Cross at Geneva. She proposed[,] in addition to assistance on field of battle, [that] The Red Cross bring aid in practical way[s] to sufferers from calamities of war, fire, flood, and famine. Her suggestion [w]as carried and is known as the American Amendment, [u]nder which [f]our hundred million dollars are now being raised in the United States.”

 

The Red Cross Today

   After World War II, the Red Cross began a nationwide blood program. The program provides equipment and supplies for blood drives in different communities. The service now provides nearly half of the blood or blood products used by hospitals and other health services in the United States.

 

     Over time, the Red Cross began responding to disasters not only related to war. For example, they help provide relief to people affected by natural disasters, such as flooding, hurricanes, and wildfires. In 2018, they helped hurricane victims on the southeastern coast. They also helped people affected by wildfires in California. The Red Cross also helps people during small-scale disasters, providing food, shelter, and clothing to people affected by house fires.

 

     The Red Cross began to help the wounded during war. Even a hundred and fifty years later, it continues to give vital help to those in need.

 

Paris, France, 1918. In addition to providing medical care, many Red Cross field hospitals also had tents to support patients’ well-being. These “Recreation Huts” offered chances for people to “get away” and socialize with others. Some huts had pianos to play. Others hosted concerts and parties.

• I read the text

• I didn't read the text

The prefix super- means “above and beyond,” and the Latin root vis means “to see.” What does supervised mean as it is used in paragraph 4?

• started

• discussed

• developed, planned

• was in charge of, managed

Which statement from the passage expresses the author’s perspective about the Red Cross?

• “Red Cross workers would wear a symbol of a red cross on a white background so armies could identify the medical workers during battle.” (paragraph 2)

• “The service now provides nearly half of the blood or blood products used by hospitals and other health services in the United States.” (paragraph 6)

• “Over time, the Red Cross began responding to disasters not only related to war.” (paragraph 7)

• “Even a hundred and fifty years later, it continues to give vital help to those in need.” (paragraph 8)

What are two ways in which the photograph and the caption support how Clara Barton was the “Angel of the Battlefield”?

• The photograph captures her friendly expressions to demonstrate how soldiers were probably comforted by her.

• The photograph shows her helping pass the American Amendment and the effects it had on the United States.

• The caption summarizes some of her accomplishments off the battlefield that are mentioned in the passage.

• The caption describes her life’s focus on caring for people around the world who suffered pain from war.

• The caption details the event that led soldiers to start calling her the “Angel of the Battlefield.”

The suffix -ment shows the result of an action. It is added to verbs to form nouns. What does achievement mean as it is used in paragraph 5?

 Later, Barton traveled to Europe to help the wounded on battlefields in Europe, where she witnessed the work of the Red Cross organization. Upon her return to the United States, she worked to set up an American Red Cross and finally succeeded in 1882. It was a great achievement. Barton became the president of the American Red Cross until 1904.

• not finding success

• able to reach a goal

• something done successfully

• someone who reaches a goal

Put the events in the correct order to show how the events led to the establishment of the American Red Cross as it is known today.

The Birth of the Red Cross

       In 1859, a Swiss businessman named Henry Dunant was traveling through Italy when he stumbled across the aftermath of a battle. Thousands of soldiers lay wounded on the battlefield. Dunant discovered that both armies and the people living in the area had no way to treat them. So, Dunant helped create a group that would train volunteers to provide aid and relief to soldiers wounded in battle.

 

       The Red Cross was born in 1863. Red Cross workers would wear a symbol of a red cross on a white background so armies could identify the medical workers during battle. (Years later, countries with majority Muslim populations began using a red crescent instead of a red cross.) In 1864, a dozen countries signed the Geneva Convention in Switzerland. The convention called for the humane treatment not only of wounded soldiers, but also for people who came to their aid.

 

Clara Barton’s Contributions

     Clara Barton, known as the “Angel of the Battlefield,” responded to the great need of wounded soldiers during the American Civil War. When war began, Barton participated in gathering items, such as bandages and other medical supplies, to send to troops. She soon realized that she wanted to do more. So, she went to the battlefields and tended to the hurt soldiers in person. She was given permission to treat these men after U.S. Surgeon General William Hammond signed a military pass for her on July 11, 1862.

 

       Barton worked tirelessly with the wounded. She also communicated with departments to get the necessary supplies to care for the troops. After the Civil War, many soldiers were missing. Some were lost, imprisoned, or in unmarked graves. Barton created an office and supervised a search to find the missing men.

 

       Later, Barton traveled to Europe to help the wounded on battlefields in Europe, where she witnessed the work of the Red Cross organization. Upon her return to the United States, she worked to set up an American Red Cross and finally succeeded in 1882. It was a great achievement. Barton became the president of the American Red Cross until 1904.

 

The text below the photograph, published circa 1900, reads: “Before the Civil War was over[,] Clara Barton’s name had come to mean mercy and help for the wounded in war or peace alike. She was active throughout the Franco Prussian War. At its close, [s]he was invited at 42 to join The Red Cross at Geneva. She proposed[,] in addition to assistance on field of battle, [that] The Red Cross bring aid in practical way[s] to sufferers from calamities of war, fire, flood, and famine. Her suggestion [w]as carried and is known as the American Amendment, [u]nder which [f]our hundred million dollars are now being raised in the United States.”

 

The Red Cross Today

   After World War II, the Red Cross began a nationwide blood program. The program provides equipment and supplies for blood drives in different communities. The service now provides nearly half of the blood or blood products used by hospitals and other health services in the United States.

 

     Over time, the Red Cross began responding to disasters not only related to war. For example, they help provide relief to people affected by natural disasters, such as flooding, hurricanes, and wildfires. In 2018, they helped hurricane victims on the southeastern coast. They also helped people affected by wildfires in California. The Red Cross also helps people during small-scale disasters, providing food, shelter, and clothing to people affected by house fires.

 

     The Red Cross began to help the wounded during war. Even a hundred and fifty years later, it continues to give vital help to those in need.

 

Paris, France, 1918. In addition to providing medical care, many Red Cross field hospitals also had tents to support patients’ well-being. These “Recreation Huts” offered chances for people to “get away” and socialize with others. Some huts had pianos to play. Others hosted concerts and parties.

• Last

• Clara Barton learns about the Red Cross overseas and introduces the practice in the United States.

• Third

• The Red Cross supports national blood drives and provides aid during national disasters.

• Second

• The Geneva Convention, which calls for humane treatment of soldiers and medical volunteers, is signed.

• First

• Henry Dunant organizes and trains volunteers to care for soldiers in battle.

How does the “Recreation Huts” photograph and caption contribute to the reader’s understanding of the passage? Use two details from the passage to support your answer.