Evolution and Genetics Quiz

What is the theory of evolution?

• A hunch about gene distribution

• An idea that explains several phenomena at once

• A hypothesis about natural selection

• A random guess about species diversity

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What is the main evidence for evolution provided by fossils?

• They show that organisms that lived long ago were different from those today

• They prove that all dinosaurs were giant iguanas

• They demonstrate that evolution is a random process

• They reveal that all species have remained unchanged over time

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What do homologous structures in different organisms suggest?

• They indicate that the organisms are not related

• They show that the organisms have evolved independently

• They imply that the organisms share a common ancestor

• They prove that the organisms have identical DNA sequences

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What does the similarity in DNA sequences between different species indicate?

• It suggests that the species are not related

• It proves that the species have identical genetic mutations

• It implies that the species have evolved independently

• It indicates that the species share a common ancestor

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What does the biogeography of marsupials around the world suggest about their evolution?

• It suggests that marsupials share a common ancestor and have evolved due to geographical changes

• It shows that marsupials have evolved independently on each continent

• It indicates that marsupials have remained unchanged over time

• It implies that marsupials are not related to each other

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What is an example of direct observation of microevolution?

• The resistance of mosquitos to DDT due to selective pressures

• The discovery of fossil remains of ancient cetaceans with vestigial leg bones

• The change in the digestive systems of finches on the Galapagos islands

• The development of muscles in Italian wall lizards to digest vegetation

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What is the difference between microevolution and macroevolution?

• Microevolution is observed in animals, while macroevolution is observed in plants

• Microevolution leads to the development of new species, while macroevolution leads to small genetic changes

• Microevolution happens over short time scales, while macroevolution occurs over longer time scales

• Microevolution occurs in small populations, while macroevolution occurs in large populations

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What did the study of dinosaur fossils in the 1820s initially suggest about their nature?

• They were reptiles with diverse characteristics

• They were all giant iguanas

• They were extinct species with no evolutionary connections

• They were unrelated to modern organisms

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What did the discovery of fossil remains of ancient cetaceans with vestigial leg bones reveal about their evolution?

• They were not related to any other organisms

• They were a separate species from modern whales

• They were unrelated to modern whales

• They were the ancestors of modern whales

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What did the study of Darwin's finches on the Galapagos islands confirm about their evolution?

• They were unrelated to each other

• They were not related to the finches on the South American mainland

• They were all descendants of a single mainland finch

• They were not influenced by their environment

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