Transcription and Translation Notes Quiz

What is the process by which DNA directs protein synthesis?

• Transcription

• Mutation

• Replication

• Translation

What is the function of mRNA in protein synthesis?

• Carry instruction copies

• Make up ribosome

• Bring amino acids to the ribosome

• Synthesize a polypeptide

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

• Carry instruction copies

• Make up ribosome

• Bring amino acids to the ribosome

• Synthesize a polypeptide

What is the start codon for protein synthesis?

• AUG

• UGA

• UAG

• UAA

What is the function of RNA polymerase in transcription?

• Adds nucleotides to the 5' end of the RNA chain

• Brings amino acids to the ribosome

• Pries the DNA strands apart and hooks together the RNA nucleotides

• Synthesizes a polypeptide

What is the main difference between RNA and DNA?

• RNA can be inside the nucleus, DNA can't

• RNA is disposable, DNA is not

• RNA contains Thymine, DNA contains Uracil

• RNA is double stranded and long, DNA is single stranded and short

What is the function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in protein synthesis?

• Synthesize a polypeptide

• Bring amino acids to the ribosome

• Make up ribosome

• Carry instruction copies

What is the role of RNA processing in eukaryotic cells? And what are the steps? (Hint: Choose all that are correct.)

• Remove introns from pre-mRNA

• Convert pre-mRNA into mRNA

• Cut out the exons from pre-mRNA and combine them

• Add protective bases to the ends of mRNA

What is the function of the anticodon in tRNA?

• Adds protective bases to the ends of mRNA

• Synthesizes a polypeptide

• Carries the amino acid to the ribosome

• Matches the 3 bases of the codon on the mRNA molecule

What is the purpose of the STOP codon in protein synthesis?

• Marks the end of the protein

• Starts the protein synthesis

• Cuts out the introns from pre-mRNA

• Adds an amino acid to the polypeptide chain