Vocab 6

enzyme that links together the growing chain of RNA nucleotides during transcription using a DNA strand as a template

• RNA polymerase
• Ribosome
• Ligase
• DNA helicase

gene mutation in which a single base pair in DNA has been changed

• Double mutation
• Triple mutation
• Whole mutation
• Point mutation

process of duplicating base sequence from DNA to RNA

• transcription
• mutation
• translation
• replication

Incorrect base inserted or base being skipped; changes sequence & genetic material

• Evolution
• Mutations
• Natural selection
• Genetic engineering

group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to an mRNA codon

• Anticodon
• Protein
• Ribosome
• Nucleus

Insertation / deletion of genetic message

• mutation

• replication
• frame shift mutation

• translation

Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced

• Transcription
• Translation
• Replication
• Mutation

A complex molecule containing the genetic information; instructions for inheritance carried by cells

• Protein
• DNA
• Carbohydrate
• RNA

codon that signals to ribosomes to stop translation

• elongation codon
• start codon
• messenger codon
• stop codon

A part of the cell containing DNA

• cytoplasm
• mitochondria
• nucleus
• ribosome