Nervous System A Level

What are the main parts of a neuron and their functions?

• Cell body, dendrites, and axon

• Heart, lungs, and liver

• Root, stem, and leaves

• Eyes, ears, and nose

Explain the process of action potential in a neuron.

• Action potential is initiated by a depolarization of the neuron's membrane, which causes voltage-gated ion channels to open and allow the influx of sodium ions.

• Action potential is a result of the neuron's membrane becoming hyperpolarized

• Action potential is caused by the repolarization of the neuron's membrane

• Action potential is initiated by the influx of potassium ions

What are the different types of nerve cells and their functions?

• Brain neurons, heart neurons, and lung neurons with their respective functions

• Sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons with their respective functions.

• Red neurons, blue neurons, and green neurons with their respective functions

• Fast neurons, slow neurons, and medium neurons with their respective functions

Differentiate between sensory, motor, and interneurons.

• Sensory neurons transmit signals from the sensory organs to the central nervous system, motor neurons transmit signals from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands, and interneurons act as a bridge between sensory and motor neurons within the central nervous system.

• Interneurons transmit signals from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands

• Motor neurons transmit signals from the sensory organs to the central nervous system

• Sensory neurons transmit signals from the muscles to the central nervous system

What is the role of neurotransmitters in signal transmission?

• Regulating blood pressure

• Producing energy for the brain

• Transmitting signals across the synapse from one neuron to another

• Storing memories in the brain

Explain the concept of synaptic transmission.

• Synaptic transmission is the process of converting sound waves into electrical signals in the brain

• Synaptic transmission is the process of converting light into energy in the brain

• Synaptic transmission is the process of converting food into nutrients in the brain

• Synaptic transmission is the process by which signaling molecules called neurotransmitters are released by the presynaptic neuron, travel across the synaptic cleft, and bind to the receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, leading to the transmission of the signal.

How does a reflex arc work in the nervous system?

• Sensory information is quickly transmitted to the spinal cord, which then sends a motor response without involving the brain.

• Reflex arc bypasses the spinal cord and directly involves the brain in generating a motor response.

• Sensory information is transmitted to the brain, which then sends a motor response to the spinal cord.

• Reflex arc involves only the peripheral nervous system and not the central nervous system.

Describe the pathway of a reflex arc in response to a stimulus.

• Sensory receptor, sensory neuron, spinal cord/brain, motor neuron, effector

• Effector, sensory neuron, spinal cord, brain, sensory receptor

• Sensory receptor, sensory neuron, brain, interneuron, effector

• Motor neuron, sensory receptor, spinal cord, sensory neuron, effector