AKS 8 & 9 Exam Review

The images below represent structures that have evolved from a common ancestor. What type of relationship do these structures have?

• they are analogous to one another

• they are homologous to one another

• they are vestigial to one another

• they aren't similar in any way shape or form

What evidence from comparative embryology supports that some organisms have evolved from a common ancestor?

• 1. Analogous structures observed as organisms develop from birth to death.

• 1. Homologous structures between organisms seen upon the birth of organisms.

• 1. Homologous structures between organisms as the embryos progress through development.

In the Pedigree chart, how many are carriers of an affected gene

• 6

• 2

• 12

• 5

According to the Punnett square: B represents the dominant gene for purple color and b represents the recessive gene for white color. Two heterozygous flowers have one offspring. What percent chance does it have for white flowers?

• 100%

• 25%

• 75%

• 85%

Over many generations, what would the number of well-adapted organisms in a population be expected to do?

• increase

• decrease

• stay the same

• increase and then decrease dramatically

Mitosis vs Meiosis: Which is correct?

• Mitosis deals with healing body cells when you get a cut. Meiosis deals with sex cells and is how you form a zygote (baby)

• Meiosis deals with healing body cells when you get a cut. Mitosis deals with sex cells and is how you form a zygote (baby)

• They are the same

How is natural selection in the evolution of long necks in giraffes best explained?

• Shorter-necked giraffes were killed by longer-necked giraffes.

• Giraffe necks grew longer because of the bone structure of the animal.

• Giraffes with longer necks survived because they were better suited to the environment and could reach the top of the trees for food so they reproduced.

What is most likely to happen to the moth populations shown in the picture above?

• Light moths will be hunted easily, leading to a decrease in light moth populations.

• Light moths will be hunted easily, leading to an increase in light moth populations.

• Dark moths will be hunted easily, leading to an increase in dark moth populations.

In humans, the pelvis and femur are involved in walking. Despite the fact modern whales live in water, they contain a pelvis and femur that are common in land dwelling animals. Based on your observation of the whale diagram and your understanding of evidence that supports evolution, what is TRUE about the pelvis and femur found in living whales today?

• They are traits acquired by modern whales over time as they adapted to living in water.

• They are vestigial structures which are structures that once served a function in the organism's ancestors but no longer function in the modern organism.

• They are newly developed structures found in modern whales due to mutations.

What would restrict evolution by natural selection, if a species ONLY reproduced by cloning?

• Too few offspring would be produced.

• Mutations could not occur.

• The offspring would show a lack of variation (they would all be the same).