Nervous Tissue Quiz

What are the main components of a neuron's structure?

• mitochondria, chloroplast, and vacuole

• ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus

• cell body, dendrites, and axon

• nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell wall

Describe the function of dendrites in a neuron.

• Receives signals from other neurons and transmits them to the cell body.

• Stores energy for the neuron

• Regulates the temperature of the neuron

• Produces neurotransmitters for the neuron

Explain the role of the myelin sheath in the structure of a neuron.

• It provides structural support to the neuron.

• It helps the neuron to produce energy.

• It provides insulation and increases the speed of electrical impulses.

• It stores neurotransmitters for the neuron.

What are the functions of glial cells in the nervous system?

• Digestion, respiration, and circulation

• Vision, hearing, and taste

• Support, protection, myelination, and regulation of extracellular environment

• Muscle movement, balance, and coordination

How do oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells differ in their function?

• Oligodendrocytes myelinate multiple axons in the central nervous system, while Schwann cells myelinate a single axon in the peripheral nervous system.

• Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells have the same function in myelinating axons

• Schwann cells myelinate multiple axons in the central nervous system

• Oligodendrocytes myelinate a single axon in the peripheral nervous system

Discuss the role of astrocytes in supporting neurons.

• Astrocytes provide physical support and nutrients to neurons, regulate the extracellular environment, and contribute to the blood-brain barrier.

• Astrocytes are only found in the peripheral nervous system

• Astrocytes destroy neurons

• Astrocytes have no role in supporting neurons

Name the two main types of nervous tissue and describe their differences.

• Neurons and neuroglia

• Axons and dendrites

• Sensory and motor neurons

• White matter and gray matter

Explain the difference between gray matter and white matter in the nervous system.

• Gray matter is made up of myelinated axons, while white matter consists of cell bodies and dendrites.

• Gray matter is found in the peripheral nervous system, while white matter is found in the central nervous system.

• Gray matter consists of cell bodies and dendrites, while white matter consists of myelinated axons.

• Gray matter and white matter are both made up of myelinated axons.

What are neurotransmitters and how do they function in signal transmission?

• Hormones that regulate muscle movement

• Electrical signals that travel along the spinal cord

• Chemical messengers that transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron to another

• Proteins that help with digestion

Describe the function of dopamine as a neurotransmitter in the brain.

• Causing drowsiness and fatigue

• Regulating movement, emotion, motivation, and pleasure.

• Controlling blood sugar levels

• Regulating body temperature