Unit 7 Part 1

the two nitrogenous bases, either adenine pairing with thymine or guanine pairing with cytosine, that are joined by a hydrogen bond and create a "rung" on the DNA ladder.

• base pair

• sugar phosphate backbone

• nucleotide

• RNA

a single strand of DNA tightly coiled around special proteins

• Mitochondria
• Ribosome
• Chromosome

• Golgi Apparatus

the two scientists who discovered the structure and shape of DNA

• Watson

• Schwann

• Schleiden

• Crick

a long molecule in the shape of a double helix and made up of nucleotides; contains the genetic "instructions"

• Carbohydrate
• RNA
• Protein
• DNA

a section of DNA that carries the information on how to make one protein

• nucleus
• chromosome
• gene
• enzyme

the type of weak bond found between the complementary base pairs in a strand of DNA

• ionic bond
• covalent bond
• hydrogen bond
• metallic bond

the part of DNA that makes up the "rungs" of the ladder-like structure

• Protein chains
• Carbohydrate strands
• Lipid bonds
• Nitrogenous bases

the type of molecule that makes up DNA and RNA; contains a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base

• Nucleotide
• Protein
• Carbohydrate
• Lipid

the order of nucleotides that determines which protein is made

• Nucleotide sequence

• Protein synthesis
• Cell division
• Chromosomal mutation

the biological process of building proteins based on DNA instructions

• Protein synthesis

• Mitosis
• Photosynthesis
• Respiration