Enlightenment Thinkers: Montesquieu and Adam Smith

What concept is Montesquieu best known for contributing to political theory?

• The invisible hand

• Laissez-faire economics

• The separation of powers

• The labor theory of value

Adam Smith's economic theories laid the foundation for which economic system?

• Feudalism

• Socialism

• Capitalism

• Mercantilism

Montesquieu's ideas influenced which of the following American documents?

• The Declaration of Independence

• The Articles of Confederation

• The United States Constitution

• The Federalist Papers

Which book by Adam Smith is considered a fundamental work in classical economics?

• The Spirit of the Laws

• The Wealth of Nations

• The Theory of Moral Sentiments

• Leviathan

Montesquieu's political philosophy heavily emphasized the importance of what in governance?

• The divine right of kings

• The role of the military

• Checks and balances

• Centralized power

Adam Smith's concept of the "invisible hand" refers to what?

• The role of government in economic affairs

• The unintended social benefits of individual self-interest

• The manipulation of markets by monopolies

• The guidance of a society by its religious leaders

Montesquieu's ideas on the separation of powers were inspired by the political system of which country?

• France

• United Kingdom

• United States

• Ancient Rome

Adam Smith's "The Wealth of Nations" was published in which year?

• 1620

• 1776

• 1848

• 1914

Which of the following best describes Montesquieu's view on the size and scale of government?

• He advocated for large, centralized governments.

• He believed in small, decentralized governments.

• He thought the size of government should vary according to the size of the population.

• He had no particular view on the size of government.

Adam Smith's ideas on free market economies inherently argue against which of the following?

• Government intervention

• Private property

• Competition

• Consumer choice