Ch2 Methods in Psych

What is the scientific method?

• A) A set of laws to follow in understanding a philosopher's facts

• B) A procedure to determine the relationship between ideas using empirical evidence

• C) A theory that explains natural phenomena

• D) A mathematical formula used to calculate scientific data

In their science class, Luna suggests that a hypothesis is a set of observations used to support a theory. Liam thinks it's a belief that accurate knowledge can be acquired through observation​. Harper, on the other hand, believes it's a falsifiable, testable prediction made by theory. According to the scientific method, what is a hypothesis?

• A set of laws used to support a theory

• belief that accurate knowledge can be acquired through observation​

• A proven and unchangeable fact

• A falsifiable, testable prediction made by theory

What is the first step in the General Process of Scientific Method according to the diagram?

• Design and Conduct Experiments

• Gather Information

• Identify a Problem

• Data Analysis and Conclusions

In Nora's science experiment, she is testing the effect of different amounts of sunlight on the growth of her plants. What is the independent variable in her experiment?

• A) The growth of the plants; this is what Nora is observing and recording

• B) The type of plants Nora is using; this remains unchanged throughout the experiment

• C) The amount of sunlight each plant is receiving; Nora is manipulating this

• D) The data Nora expects to get from the experiment

Dr. Jane Goodall, a renowned primatologist, is observing chimpanzees in their natural habitat. She wants to understand their behavior when they are not influenced by human presence. She decides to watch them from a distance without interfering in their environment. What type of descriptive methods of research/observation is she using?

• Experimental Research

• Naturalistic Observation

• Surveys

• Case Studies

You just had a meal at the university cafeteria, and they ask you to fill out a form that gathers self-reported data from diners to understand your views and feelings about the food. What type of research method did they use?

• Survey

• Case study

• Experiment

• Naturalistic Observation

Phineas Gage and Genie were two individuals who had depth analysis of their unique circumstance to understand a particularly interesting problem. What type of descriptive methods of research/observation was used for these two?

• Interviews

• Case Studies

• Naturalistic Observation

• Research from the Library

In a medical research study, the investigators ensure that the benefits of the study outweigh the risks, and that the well-being of the participants is always prioritized. This principle, which is fundamental to ethical medical research, is known as what?

• Autonomy

• Non-maleficence

• Justice

• Beneficence

What type of correlation is observed when the more hours you sleep, the more refreshed you feel?

• Positive

• Negative

• No relationship

A researcher is interested about the effects of energy drink on college students. He can't survey all college students in the U.S., so he decides to get a sample from UCLA. Which of the following is a way to collect a sample?

• Simple Random Sample

• Hawthrone Sampling

• Realism Sampling

• Ashby - Wu Sampling