Ethological Aggression

Aggression is adaptive because it _________.

• reduces competition
• establishes dominance
• both of the other options

According to Lorenz, most aggression ends in _________.

• death
• an appeasement display
• smiles and handshakes all round

Aggression is adaptive. It is used to ______.

• increase competition and establish dominance

• increase competition and eradicate dominance

• reduce competition and establish dominance

• reduce competition and eradicate dominance

Mira sees Arthur making a threatening facial expression. This triggers a response in her. What is this response called?

• Inbuilt releasing mechanism

• Innate releasing mechanism

• Innate relaxing mechanism

• Instinctive releasing mechanism

Once an IRM has been activated this follows.

• Fazed action pattern
• Foxy action pattern
• Fixated action pattern
• Fixed action pattern

George, Aarav, and James are studying robotics. They learned that a Fixed Action Pattern (FAP) in their robot is characterised by ________?

• changing, universal, ballistic, single purpose behaviour

• unchanging, unique, ballistic, single purpose behaviour

• unchanging, universal, ballistic, single purpose behaviour

• unchanging, universal, ballistic, multi purpose behaviour

Brunner et al.’s (1993) finding that the low-activity variant of the MAOA gene is linked to human aggression supports the ethological explanation of aggression because ______.

• it suggests an inane basis for aggression
• it suggests an innate basis for aggression
• it suggests an insane basis for aggression
• it does not suggest an innate basis for aggression

In a research study conducted by Nisbett et al. (1996), they found cultural differences in aggression among US men. Charlie, a student from the South, and Priya, a student from the North, were part of this study. The results contradicted the ethological explanation after finding _____

• Eastern students like Isabella were more aggressive than Western students like Charlie

• Northern students like Priya were more aggressive than Southern students like Charlie

• Southern students like Charlie were more aggressive than Northern students like Priya

• Western students like Charlie were more aggressive than Eastern students like Isabella

Goodall (2010) criticises the ethological explanation after finding chimps’ aggression was not self-limiting and relatively harmless as they were shown to _______.

• not engage in any aggression at all
• cease with aggressive acts once the other troop had been defeated
• continue fighting until all adult males were killed
• systematically slaughter all members of another troop

Why does Hunt suggest FAPs are not fixed? (select 2 answers)

• they are influenced by learning

• they are influenced by the environment

• because they are inflexible

• they are adaptive behaviours