The kinetic model of matter states that

• atoms and molecules move in continuous and non-random motion.

• atoms and molecules move in continuous and random motion.

• the kinetic energies of atoms and molecules increase with increasing temperature.

• the pressure of atoms and molecules is due to the collision of these particles with the walls of the container they are in.

Using a microscope, Peter observes that some pollen grains suspended in water move in an irregular manner. This is due to the

• pollen grains colliding with one another.

• pollen grains repelling one another.

• bombardment of pollen grains by water molecules.

• bombardment of water molecules by pollen grains.

Choose the most appropriate phrase to complete the following statement.

As the temperature of a gas increases, the gas molecules

• move faster.

• expand in volume.

• increase in mass.

• increase in number.

Choose the most appropriate description for the relative forces of attraction between particles in a solid, a liquid and a gas.

• A

• B

• C

• D

Solids have high densities relative to liquids because

1 the particles in solids are far apart.

2 the particles in solids have large masses.

3 the particles in solids do not move about.

• 1 only

• 2 only

• 2 and 3 only

• None of the above

Siti observes that she cannot compress a syringe filled with water, but she can do so when the same syringe is filled with air. This is because

1 the air molecules are farther apart than the water molecules.

2 there are larger empty spaces between the air molecules compared to between the water molecules.

3 the water molecules have weaker forces of attraction than air molecules

• 1 and 2 only

• 2 only

• 2 and 3 only

• 3 only

Which statement describes the arrangement and movement of particles in a solid?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Which of the following correctly compares the properties of the different states of matter?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Brownian motion shows that

• particles in all states of matter are in constant, random motion.

• particles in a fluid are in continuous, random motion.

• particles in solids vibrate about fixed positions.

• particles in gases are farther apart compared to in liquids.

Which of the following statements about a gas is/are correct?

1 Smaller gas particles move with higher speeds compared to larger gas particles.

2 The intermolecular forces between gas particles are negligible.

3 At higher temperatures, the volume of gas particles increases.

• 1 only

• 2 only

• 1 and 2 only

• 1, 2 and 3