Chapter 5 How Ecosystems Work

What is the process by which carbon is cycled between the atmosphere, land, water, and organisms?

• Photosynthesis
• Cellular respiration
• Carbon cycle
• Nitrogen cycle

What is the role of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?

• Absorb carbon dioxide
• Convert atmospheric nitrogen into chemical compounds
• Produce oxygen
• Break down dead organisms

What type of succession is old-field succession?

• Primary succession
• Secondary succession

What is the term for an organism that breaks down dead organisms?

• Detritivore
• Decomposer
• Consumer
• Producer

What is the term for an organism that makes its own food?

• Consumer
• Producer
• Decomposer
• Detritivore

What does an energy pyramid represent?

• The flow of energy in an ecosystem
• The number of organisms in an ecosystem
• The amount of water in an ecosystem
• The temperature in an ecosystem

What is secondary succession?

• A type of succession that occurs only in forests
• A type of succession that occurs in farmland that is abandoned
• A type of succession that occurs on a surface where an ecosystem has previously existed but has been disturbed or disrupted
• A type of succession that occurs on a surface where no ecosystem existed before

What is primary succession?

• A type of succession that occurs in forests after a natural fire
• A type of succession that occurs on a surface where an ecosystem has previously existed
• A type of succession that occurs in farmland that is abandoned
• A type of succession that occurs on a surface where no ecosystem existed before

What is the first stage of the nitrogen cycle?

• Denitrification
• Nitrification
• Nitrogen fixation
• Ammonification

What is the role of lichens in primary succession?

• Consuming other organisms
• Creating soil from bare rock
• Producing oxygen
• Breaking down dead organisms