CompTia A+ Core 2 MacOS and Linux

Which of the following is NOT a commonly used filesystem in Linux?

• XFS
• NTFS
• Btrfs
• ext4
• ZFS

Which command is used to display the disk usage of a file or directory in Linux?

• ls
• df
• fsck
• chmod
• du

Answer explanation

The command used to display the disk usage of a file or directory in Linux is `du` (short for "disk usage").

Explanation:

- `ls` is used to list directory contents.

- `df` is used to display filesystem disk space usage.

- `fsck` is used to check and repair Linux filesystems.

- `chmod` is used to change file permissions.

Therefore, `du` is the correct choice for displaying disk usage.

Which of the following is a command-line text editor commonly used in Linux?

• Microsoft Word
• LibreOffice Writer
• Sublime Text
• Notepad++
• Vim

Answer explanation

The command-line text editor commonly used in Linux is `Vim`.

Explanation:

- `Microsoft Word` and `LibreOffice Writer` are graphical word processors, not command-line text editors.

- `Sublime Text` and `Notepad++` are popular text editors, but they are not command-line based and are commonly used on Windows platforms.

- `Vim` is a powerful and widely used command-line text editor in Linux systems.

Which of the following commands is used to change the permissions of a file in Linux?

• mv
• chown
• chmod
• ls
• rm

Answer explanation

The command used to change the permissions of a file in Linux is `chmod`.

Explanation:

- `mv` is used to move or rename files and directories.

- `chown` is used to change the owner and group of a file or directory.

- `chmod` is used to change the permissions of a file or directory.

- `ls` is used to list directory contents.

- `rm` is used to remove files or directories.

In which directory are configuration files stored in Linux?

• /home
• /bin
• /usr
• /etc
• /var

Answer explanation

Configuration files in Linux are commonly stored in the directory `/etc`.

Explanation:

- `/home` contains user home directories.

- `/bin` contains essential command binaries.

- `/usr` contains user binaries, libraries, documentation, and source code for secondarily installed programs.

- `/etc` contains system-wide configuration files.

- `/var` contains variable data files, such as logs, temporary files, mail, etc.

Which partition scheme is used by Mac computers with Intel processors?

• FAT32
• EXT4
• HFS+
• GPT
• MBR

Answer explanation

Mac computers with Intel processors typically use the GPT (GUID Partition Table) partition scheme.

Explanation:

- FAT32 is a file system commonly used for external drives and is not a partition scheme.

- EXT4 is a file system commonly used in Linux and is not a partition scheme.

- HFS+ (Hierarchical File System Plus) is an older file system used by macOS, but the partition scheme used by Mac computers with Intel processors is GPT.

- GPT (GUID Partition Table) is a partitioning scheme used by modern computers, including Macs with Intel processors.

- MBR (Master Boot Record) is an older partitioning scheme used by some legacy systems but is not typically used by Mac computers with Intel processors.

What is the default shell in the Mac OS?

• Bash
• Korn shell (ksh)
• Z shell (zsh)
• C shell (csh)
• Fish shell

Answer explanation

The default shell in macOS is `Z shell (zsh)` starting from macOS Catalina (10.15) and later versions.

Explanation:

- Prior to macOS Catalina, the default shell was `Bash`.

- `Korn shell (ksh)`, `C shell (csh)`, and `Fish shell` are not the default shells in macOS.

Which utility can be used to take automated backups in Mac OS?

• Carbon Copy Cloner
• Time Machine
• Time Capsule
• Time Freeze
• SuperDuper!

Answer explanation

The utility used to take automated backups in macOS is `Time Machine`.

Explanation:

- `Carbon Copy Cloner` and `SuperDuper!` are third-party backup utilities for macOS but are not built-in.

- `Time Capsule` is a network-attached storage device developed by Apple that can be used with Time Machine for backups, but it's not a software utility itself.

- `Time Freeze` is not a built-in or commonly known backup utility in macOS.

Which of the following is a common package manager in Mac OS?

• Homebrew
• APT
• RPM
• Chocolatey
• YUM

Answer explanation

The common package manager in macOS is `Homebrew`.

Explanation:

- `Homebrew` is a popular package manager for macOS.

- `APT` (Advanced Package Tool) and `YUM` (Yellowdog Updater, Modified) are package managers commonly used in Linux distributions such as Debian/Ubuntu and Red Hat/CentOS, respectively.

- `RPM` (Red Hat Package Manager) is a package management system used in some Linux distributions, but it is not commonly used in macOS.

- `Chocolatey` is a package manager for Windows, not macOS.

Which of the following is the Macintosh equivalent of the Task Manager in Windows?

• Finder
• Spotlight
• System Preferences
• Terminal
• Activity Monitor

Answer explanation

The Macintosh equivalent of the Task Manager in Windows is `Activity Monitor`.

Explanation:

- `Finder` is the file manager for macOS.

- `Spotlight` is the system-wide search feature in macOS.

- `System Preferences` is where users can customize system settings in macOS.

- `Terminal` is a command-line interface for executing commands in macOS.

- `Activity Monitor` is the utility in macOS that provides information about the processes and system resources usage, similar to the Task Manager in Windows.