A Level 9.1 Transport in Plants

What is the main function of xylem in plants?

• Converting sunlight into energy

• Supporting the plant structure

• Transporting water and minerals

• Producing flowers and fruits

Explain the process of transpiration in plants.

• Plants absorb water through their leaves and release it through the roots.

• Water is absorbed by the leaves and then moves down through the plant to the roots where it evaporates through small openings called stomata.

• Water is absorbed by the roots and then moves up through the plant to the leaves where it evaporates through small openings called stomata.

• Transpiration in plants occurs when water is released from the plant's roots into the soil.

Differentiate between xylem and phloem in terms of their function and structure.

• Xylem transports sugars and organic compounds, while phloem transports water and minerals.

• Xylem transports water and minerals, while phloem transports sugars and organic compounds.

• Xylem and phloem have the same structure and function.

• Xylem and phloem have the same function of transporting water and minerals.

How does water move through the xylem vessels in plants?

• Respiration

• Transpiration

• Osmosis

• Photosynthesis

What are the components of phloem and their functions?

• Root hairs, guard cells, and trichomes; absorbing sunlight and producing glucose

• Stomata, mesophyll cells, and palisade cells; transporting water and minerals

• Sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibers, and phloem parenchyma; transporting organic nutrients

• Xylem, phloem fibers, and phloem parenchyma; storing water and minerals

Discuss the role of root pressure in the movement of water in plants.

• Root pressure helps to push water up from the roots to the stems and leaves of the plant.

• Root pressure causes water to move downwards in plants

• Root pressure has no role in the movement of water in plants

• Root pressure only affects the movement of nutrients in plants

Explain the process of translocation in plants.

• Organic compounds are transported through the phloem tissue from leaves to other parts of the plant.

• Translocation in plants is the movement of oxygen from the stomata to the surrounding air.

• Translocation in plants is the process of photosynthesis in the chloroplasts.

• Translocation in plants is the movement of water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.

What is the significance of xylem and phloem in the overall survival of plants?

• They are only found in certain types of plants and not essential for overall survival

• They are essential for the overall survival of plants by facilitating the transport of essential substances.

• They are only important for aesthetic purposes in plants

• They have no significance in the overall survival of plants

Describe the structure of xylem vessels and their adaptation for water transport.

• Xylem vessels are long, tube-like structures made of dead cells called tracheids and vessel elements. They are adapted for water transport through their narrow diameter and the presence of lignin in their cell walls, providing strength and support.

• Xylem vessels are adapted for water transport through their large diameter and the absence of lignin in their cell walls, making them flexible.

• Xylem vessels are made of living cells and have a wide diameter, allowing for easy water transport.

• Xylem vessels are short, thick structures made of living cells, which makes them less efficient for water transport.

Discuss the factors that affect the rate of transpiration in plants.

• Soil pH, plant height, leaf color

• Number of petals, type of soil, age of the plant

• Amount of rainfall, size of the pot, type of fertilizer used

• Humidity, temperature, wind, light intensity, and water availability