Ecology Edexcel GCSE

What is an ecosystem?

• A new species of bird

• A type of computer software

• A community of living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment, interacting as a system.

• A type of rock formation

Explain the concept of a food chain.

• A food chain is a list of recipes for cooking different types of food.

• A food chain shows the flow of energy and nutrients from one organism to another in an ecosystem.

• A food chain is a type of restaurant that specializes in serving only one type of food.

• A food chain is a system of grocery stores that are connected and share the same inventory.

Describe the role of producers in the carbon cycle.

• Producers have no role in the carbon cycle

• Producers absorb carbon dioxide during photosynthesis and convert it into organic compounds.

• Producers release carbon dioxide during photosynthesis

• Producers convert carbon dioxide into nitrogen

Why is biodiversity important for ecosystems?

• Biodiversity contributes to ecosystem stability, resilience, and productivity.

• Biodiversity only causes harm to ecosystems

• Ecosystems are more stable without biodiversity

• Biodiversity has no impact on ecosystems

What factors can affect population dynamics?

• Weather patterns, soil quality, and air pollution

• Education level, income level, and social media usage

• Marriage rates, divorce rates, and employment rates

• Birth rate, death rate, immigration, and emigration

How do energy and nutrients flow through an ecosystem?

• Through the process of evolution

• Through photosynthesis and respiration

• Through the water cycle

• Through a food chain or food web

What are the different trophic levels in a food chain?

• Plants, animals, bacteria, fungi

• Predators, prey, scavengers, decomposers

• Producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, tertiary consumers, and decomposers

• Herbivores, carnivores, omnivores

Explain the process of photosynthesis and its role in the carbon cycle.

• Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll. In this process, carbon dioxide is taken in and oxygen is released, playing a crucial role in the carbon cycle.

• Photosynthesis is the process of breaking down glucose to release carbon dioxide, depleting the atmosphere of oxygen.

• Photosynthesis is the process of converting sunlight into heat energy, with no role in the carbon cycle.

• Photosynthesis is the process of converting oxygen into carbon dioxide, contributing to air pollution.

What are the main threats to biodiversity?

• Overpopulation, urbanization, industrialization

• Habitat destruction, pollution, overexploitation, invasive species, and climate change

• Alien invasion, nuclear war, asteroid impact

• Global warming, deforestation, air pollution

Discuss the impact of human activities on ecosystems.

• Ecosystems are not affected by human activities

• Human activities can disrupt ecosystems by destroying habitats, reducing biodiversity, and altering natural processes.

• Human activities always improve ecosystems

• Human activities have no impact on ecosystems