Stat 1040 Chapter 2 Definitions

What is an alternative hypothesis?

• A hypothesis that is always true.

• The hypothesis that there is no effect or change.

• The not by chance or there is an effect explanation, which is a research conjecture.

• A prediction of the standard deviation of the null distribution.

What is a bar graph used to display?

• The distribution of a numerical variable.

• The standard deviation of a sample.

• The distribution of a categorical variable.

• The probability of the null hypothesis being true.

What does the Central Limit Theorem predict?

• The mean of a sample distribution.

• The standard deviation of the null distribution when certain validity conditions are met.

• The probability of the alternative hypothesis being true.

• The distribution of two or more categorical variables.

What is the symbol "n" used to indicate in statistics?

• The number of categories in a variable.

• The sample size.

• The number of simulations run.

• The number of parameters in a model.

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CCSS.6.SP.B.5A

What shape does the null distribution take when normally distributed?

• A straight line.

• A U-shape.

• A bell shape.

• An exponential curve.

What is the null hypothesis typically considered in statistical tests?

• The hypothesis that there is a significant effect.

• The hypothesis that the sample size is sufficient.

• The by chance alone or no effect explanation.

• The hypothesis that the alternative hypothesis is incorrect.

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CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

What is the one-proportion z-test used for?

• To compare two sample means.

• To test a theory-based approach with one proportion.

• To determine the standard deviation of a sample.

• To simulate the distribution of a categorical variable.

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CCSS.HSS.IC.B.4

In the context of statistical tests, what is a parameter?

• A variable that is manipulated by the researcher.

• A measure of central tendency like the mean or median.

• A long-run numerical property of the process for a random process.

• The outcome of a statistical test.

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CCSS.6.SP.A.3

Fill in the blank:
To determine statistical significance, we see if the _________ is ____________ 0.05.

• statistic; greater than

• p-value; greater than

• statistic; less than

• p-value; less than

What does the term "plausible" refer to in the context of the chance model?

• That the model is complex and difficult to understand.

• That the model has been proven to be true.

• That the model is a reasonable/believable explanation for the data observed.

• That the model is based on a large sample size.

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CCSS.7.SP.C.7A