Animal Gas Exchange Systems Quiz

What is gas exchange?

• The exchange of heat and light between organisms and their environment

• The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between organisms and their environment

• The exchange of water and nutrients between organisms and their environment

• The exchange of minerals and gases between organisms and their environment

What is the importance of SA:V in relation to gas exchange surfaces?

• High rates of diffusion require large surface areas

• High rates of diffusion require small surface areas

• Low rates of diffusion require large volumes

• Low rates of diffusion require large surface areas

What are the features of unicellular organisms in relation to gas exchange?

• Single cells have high metabolic rate

• Single cells have thick cell membranes

• Single cells are very large

• Single cells have high SA:V ratio

What are the components of the human respiratory system?

• Skin, bones, muscles, blood vessels

• Brain, spinal cord, nerves, muscles

• Heart, liver, kidney, stomach

• Larynx, trachea, bronchus, bronchiole

What happens during inhalation in the human respiratory system?

• Diaphragm contracts and flattens

• Intercostal muscles relax

• Ribcage moves down and in

• Volume of thorax decreases

What is the approximate percentage of oxygen in inspired air?

• 0.4%

• 79%

• 20%

• 16%

What is the ventilation mechanism in bony fish?

• Raising and lowering of the buccal floor to alter buccal pressure.

• Flapping of fins causes muscle contractions that ventilate the gills.

• Fish comes to surface of water and uses negative pressure breathing to take in air.

• Fish absorbs oxygen directly into muscle tissue through gaps in its skin.

What is the main problem terrestrial insects face related to their gas exchange surfaces?

• Low oxygen concentration

• High water loss

• Low metabolic rate

• High SA:V ratio

What are the specialised structures for gas exchange in insects?

• Alveoli and capillaries

• Spiracles and tracheae

• Gills and operculum

• Bronchus and bronchiole

What is the main difference between counter-current flow and parallel flow in fish?

• Counter-current flow results in lower oxygen saturation

• Counter-current flow has blood and water flow in opposite directions

• Counter-current flow has blood and water flow in the same direction

• Parallel flow results in higher oxygen saturation