IT Concept Terminology II

Which one of the following notational systems that is commonly used in the field of computing relies on the use of only 1s and 0s?

• Unicode

• Hexadecimal

• Binary

• ASCII

Answer explanation

Binary is the foundational notational system in computing, representing data using only two symbols, 0 and 1. It is widely used for low-level operations and storage representation. Binary is essential for understanding how computers process and store information. Unicode is a character encoding standard that aims to represent every character from every writing system in the world. It supports a vast range of characters and is commonly used in modern computing for multilingual applications. Similar to ASCII, Unicode is primarily focused on character representation and not as a general-purpose notational system. ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is a character encoding scheme that assigns unique numeric codes to represent characters. It is widely used in early computing systems and still has significance today. However, ASCII is primarily used for character representation and not as a general-purpose notational system. Hexadecimal is commonly used in computing as a more compact and human-friendly representation of binary. It uses a base-16 system, with digits ranging from 0 to 9 and letters A to F, to represent data. While hexadecimal is commonly used for various purposes, it is not the only notational system used in computing.

Which among the following units is commonly used to measure digital storage?

• Gigabyetes

• Bits per Second (BPS)

• Hertz (HZ)

• Pixel

Answer explanation

Gigabyte (GB) is a unit of digital information that is used to measure storage capacity in computing. One gigabyte can store approximately 1 billion bytes, or more precisely 1,073,741,824 bytes due to the binary system used in most storage devices. Bits per second (bps) transmission speed is typically used in network environments. It measures the rate of data transfer, not storage capacity. Pixel is a unit used in digital imaging to represent a single point in a raster image, not a unit of storage. Hertz is a measure of frequency (cycles per second) and is typically used to describe processing speed or the speed of alternating current, not storage capacity.

Which data representation method is a character encoding standard that represents text and control characters in computers, communication equipment, and other devices, using 7 bits to define each character?

• Hexadecimal

• Binary

• Unicode

• ASCII Code

Answer explanation

SCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is a character encoding standard that represents text and control characters in computers, communication equipment, and other devices. It uses 7 bits to define each character, making it the correct choice for this question. Hexadecimal is a base-16 numbering system that uses digits from 0-9 and letters A-F to represent values. It is often employed in programming and digital communication, but it is not a character encoding standard. While Unicode is a character encoding standard that accommodates a wide set of characters and symbols from various languages, it is not the correct choice for this question because it does not use 7 bits to define each character. Unicode is much more extensive than ASCII but is not specifically 7-bit based. Binary is a base-2 numbering system that employs only two base digits (0 and 1) and represents the fundamental building blocks of digital computers. It is not a character encoding standard.

In normal computer operation, a monitor primarily serves which of the following functions?

• Output

• Storage

• Processing

• Input

Answer explanation

A monitor is an output device. It displays data or information processed by the computer in a form that is usable and understandable by the user. The function of an input is to enter data into a computer for processing. A device like a keyboard or a mouse typically serve this function, not a monitor. Storage is the function of saving and keeping data and instructions for future use. Storage devices include hard drives and solid-state drives, not monitors. The monitor only displays data; it doesn't store it. Processing is the operation that manipulates data as directed by a sequence of instructions. It is handled by the computer's CPU (Central Processing Unit), not the monitor.

Which of the following data types does NOT have the ability to represent multiple characters in a sequence?

• Boolean

• Numbers

• Strings

• Array

Answer explanation

Booleans cannot represent sequences of characters. Their sole purpose is to represent true or false values. The main function of the Strings data type is to store sequences of characters. It can hold either a single character or multiple characters. While it's true that the primary purpose of the Numbers data type is to store numerical values, they can also be used to represent sequences of numerical characters. In most programming languages, an array can hold multiple values, including characters, in a sequence. An array can be composed of multiple elements, each of which can be a character, effectively creating a sequence of characters.

In normal computer operation, a keyboard primarily serves which of the following functions?

• Input

• Output

• Storage

• Processing

Answer explanation

Explanation

A keyboard is primarily used to input data into the computer system. By pressing letters, numbers, and other special characters, users can send information to the system for processing. The function of processing primarily includes performing actions on the provided data or information. This function is taken care of by the central processing unit (CPU) and not by a keyboard. The function of storage involves retaining data for future use. While keyboards do send inputs to an application in memory (RAM) or storage (hard drive, SSD), they don't themselves serve a primary role as a storage device. Devices like Hard Disk Drives (HDD), Solid State Drives (SSD), and memory sticks are examples of storage devices. Output is incorrect because the keyboard does not display the results of the data processed. Output devices include monitors, printers, speakers, etc., which display or produce the results after the processing of the input data.

What is the equivalent speed of 1 Gigahertz (GHz) in Megahertz (MHz)?

• 1024 MHz

• 1000 Mhz

• 500 Mhz

• 1 Mhz

Answer explanation

Since processing units use the decimal system (base 10), when converting frequencies, 1 Gigahertz is equal to 1000 Megahertz. 500 MHz is half of the required amount. Since processing units use the decimal system (base 10). When converting frequencies, 1 Gigabit per second (Gbps) is equal to 1000 Megabits per second (Mbps). The relationship between Gigahertz and Megahertz is not 1:1. Since processing units use the decimal system (base 10) when converting frequencies, 1 Gigabit per second (Gbps) is equal to 1000 Megabits per second (Mbps). While in digital storage calculations, we usually use the binary system (base 2), where 1 Gigabyte would equal 1024 Megabytes, when converting frequencies, we use the decimal system (base 10), where 1 Gigabit equals 1000 Megabits.

Given the value "Hello World," which data type is it most appropriately associated with?

• Char

• String

• Number

• Boolean

Answer explanation

The value "Hello World" is a sequence of characters, which fits the characteristic of a string that holds sequences of characters. The boolean data type represents two values: true and false. "Hello World" does not represent a boolean value. The char data type holds a single character. "Hello World" is a sequence of multiple characters, so it cannot be stored as a char value. The number data type is used to store numerical data. "Hello World" contains letters and a space, not numerical figures.

Which of the following is NOT a hexadecimal representation?

• 2G

• 1A

• 10

• FF

Answer explanation

Hexadecimal representations use letters A-F and numbers to represent numbers. G is not a valid hexadecimal digit. Therefore, 2G is NOT a hexadecimal representation. 1A is a valid hexadecimal representation because it uses letters A-F and numbers. FF is a valid hexadecimal representation because it uses FF. 10 is a valid hexadecimal representation because it is using numbers.

Mike, a helpdesk technician, is troubleshooting a user's issue with a specific application that keeps crashing on launch. Mike has already identified the problem as a corrupted application file. He has also established a plan of action to reinstall the application. However, Mike doesn't have the administrative privileges necessary to uninstall or install applications. Which of the following is the BEST next step?

• Simply restart the computer and try again

• escalate the issue to a higher-level technician who has a technician who has the necessary privileges

• use another employees account who has administrative privileges

• ask the user to uninstall and reinstall the application.

Answer explanation

Since Mike doesn't have the necessary privileges to implement the solution himself, the appropriate action would be to escalate the issue to a higher-level technician or supervisor who does. This would ensure the solution is implemented correctly without violating any security protocols. Generally, asking the user to uninstall and reinstall the application is not recommended because the user may not have the technical knowledge necessary to accomplish this accurately without potentially causing further issues. Restarting the computer wouldn't solve the problem in this particular case as the issue is with a corrupted application file. It's a breach of policy and security protocols to use someone else's account, even for legitimate purposes.