AP Psychology: Understanding Motivation

Which theory suggests that behaviors are driven by humans' need to survive?

• Drive-reduction theory

• Arousal theory

• Instinct theory

• Hierarchy of needs

According to the drive-reduction theory, what is the primary goal of motivation?

• Achieving personal growth

• Reducing internal states of tension to achieve homeostasis

• Seeking optimal levels of arousal

• Fulfilling instinctual needs

What does the arousal theory of motivation suggest?

• People are motivated to seek an optimal level of arousal

• People are motivated by the need to fulfill basic physiological needs first

• People are motivated by external rewards

• People are motivated by instincts

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which level of need is considered the most basic and fundamental?

• Safety needs

• Physiological needs

• Esteem needs

• Self-actualization

Which type of motivation is driven by internal rewards, such as personal satisfaction or joy?

• Extrinsic motivation

• Intrinsic motivation

• Instinctual motivation

• Arousal-based motivation

What is an example of extrinsic motivation?

• Reading a book because you enjoy the story

• Playing a game because it's fun

• Working a job to earn money

• Eating because you're hungry

Which level in Maslow's hierarchy of needs is characterized by the pursuit of knowledge and aesthetic experiences?

• Safety needs

• Self-actualization

• Esteem needs

• Cognitive needs

According to the drive-reduction theory, what happens when a physiological need increases?

• A person's level of arousal decreases

• A person's level of arousal increases

• A psychological drive is created that motivates the person to satisfy the need

• The person immediately satisfies the need without any motivation

Which theory would suggest that a person might take up skydiving or rock climbing in order to increase their level of arousal?

• Instinct theory

• Drive-reduction theory

• Arousal theory

• Hierarchy of needs

Which is true of intrinsic motivation?

• Intrinsic motivation is based on personal internal factors

• Intrinsic motivation is always more effective than extrinsic motivation

• Intrinsic motivation does not influence behavior as much as extrinsic motivation

• Intrinsic motivation can only be found in creative activities