Enlightenment & Revolutions Review

What was a common effect of the Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights?

• Restrictions on the powers of English monarchs

• Laws protecting the rights of Catholics

• The creation of England’s colonial empire

• Limits on the abuses by Parliament

Which philosopher is responsible for the concept of separation of powers and checks and balances in government?

• Rousseau

• Hobbes

• Voltaire

• Montesquieu

The Enlightenment had a major impact on the French Revolution. Which of the following was an effect from Enlightenment thinkers?

• The middle-class demanded greater political representation.

• Enlightenment endorsement of the absolute monarchy.

• The continued influence of the Protestant clergy at the French court.

• The Estates General allows representation bases on population.

Which is NOT a key contribution of the Scientific Revolution

• Michelangelo's sculpture of the David

• Newton's Laws of Motion and Gravity

• Galileo's Heliocentric Theory

• Kepler's laws of planetary motion

Which of the following is true about the three estates of France?

• Landholdings between the three estates were equally distributed.

• The First and Second Estates had landholdings out of proportion to their population.

• The Second Estate was the most populous of the three.

• The First and Second Estates, combined, were more populous than the Third Estate.

What are two ways Enlightenment ideas change political thought in Europe?

• They increased individual rights.

• They increased the power of the church.

• They increased the power of the king.

• They eliminated indulgences and taxes.

U.S. Declaration of Independence, 1776: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed...

The greatest influence on these political ideas came from-

• the philosopher Voltaire

• the writings of John Locke

• the philosophy of Montesquieu

• the theories of Jean-Jacques Rousseau

The development of the Senate in Rome and the creation of the Legislative Assembly in 1791 in France, represents continuity in history of people who strive for which type of government?

• Oligarchy

• Aristocracy

• Republic

• Tyranny

Which of the following statements concerning the political philosophy of the Enlightenment is most accurate?

• People should be governed by the absolute authority of monarchs.

• People should be governed by Papal authority and the laws of the Church.

• People should be governed by logic and reason based on natural rights.

• People should be governed jointly by the church and national regimes.

Which of the following contributed the most to the growth of the movement to abolish slavery in the Atlantic world?

• Increased availability of Asian indentured labor

• The adaptation of Enlightenment ideas challenging established social hierarchies

• The efforts of industrialists to create a more flexible workforce

• A decline in the number of enslaved persons being taken from Africa