DNA and Protein Synthesis Quiz

What is the role of DNA in cells?

• Providing energy for cellular processes

• Controlling the movement of organelles

• Storing genetic information

• Producing proteins

Which of the following is NOT a nitrogen base found in DNA?

• Adenine

• Cytosine

• Guanine

• Uracil

What is the function of mRNA during protein synthesis?

• Carrying amino acids to the ribosome

• Determining the order of amino acids in a protein

• Providing the energy for protein synthesis

• Transcribing DNA into RNA

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

• Nucleus

• Golgi apparatus

• Mitochondria

• Ribosome

How many strands of DNA are present in a double helix?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Which part of the DNA molecule carries the genetic instructions?

• Phosphate group

• Sugar molecule

• Nitrogen bases

• Hydrogen bonds

What is the process by which DNA molecules make copies of themselves called?

• Replication

• Translation

• Transcription

• Mutation

What is the correct order of the steps in protein synthesis?

• Transcription, translation, replication

• Replication, transcription, translation

• Translation, replication, transcription

• Transcription, replication, translation

Which type of mutation results in the insertion or deletion of a nucleotide?

• Point mutation

• Silent mutation

• Frameshift mutation

• Missense mutation

How does a frameshift mutation affect the resulting protein?

• It changes a single amino acid in the protein

• It completely stops protein synthesis

• It shifts the reading frame and alters all amino acids after the mutation

• It does not affect the resulting protein