Headlands and Bays

Which characteristic is commonly associated with sandstone cliffs?

• Permeable

• Impermeable

• Hard rock

• Highly resistant to erosion

What type of rock is sandstone classified as?

• Igneous

• Metamorphic

• Sedimentary

• None of the above

What is sandstone vulnerable to?

• Erosion

• Attrition

• Compaction

• Cementation

What is the texture of clay?

• Hard

• Soft

• Rough

• Smooth

Is clay permeable or impermeable?

• Permeable

• Impermeable

• Semi-permeable

• Variable

What type of rocks are more resistant to erosion according to the diagram?

• Clay / sands and gravels

• Chalk / limestone

• Granite / marble

• Slate / quartzite

What happens to headlands once a headland and bay pattern has emerged?

• Headlands become protected from erosion.

• Headlands become low energy environments.

• Headlands become high energy environments and targets for erosion.

• Headlands are eroded completely.

What type of rock is more likely to form a headland?

• Less resistant (softer) clay

• Resistant (harder) sandstone

• Resistant (harder) chalk or limestone

• All of the above

What happens to less resistant rock during the erosion process that leads to the formation of headlands and bays?

• It forms sheltered bays where sand is deposited.

• It becomes more resistant over time.

• It is left as a headland.

• It is unaffected by erosion.

What happens to waves as they approach an uneven coastline?

• They increase in size.

• They straighten out.

• They begin to bend (refract) to mirror the shape of the coastline.

• They change color.