Allele Frequency and Factors

What are the four main factors that can affect allele frequency in a population?

• temperature, precipitation, wind speed, and humidity

• age, gender, ethnicity, and income

• education, occupation, marital status, and religion

• natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, and mutation

How does natural selection affect allele frequency?

• By randomly selecting alleles for reproduction

• By preventing any changes in allele frequency

• By causing mutations in the DNA

• By favoring certain alleles that provide a reproductive advantage

Explain how genetic drift can impact allele frequency in a small population.

• Genetic drift can impact allele frequency in a small population by causing random changes in the frequency of alleles over time.

• Genetic drift always leads to the fixation of beneficial alleles

• Genetic drift only impacts large populations

• Genetic drift has no impact on allele frequency

What is gene flow and how does it influence allele frequency?

• Gene flow is the transfer of genetic material from one population to another, influencing allele frequency by reducing the overall population size.

• Gene flow is the transfer of non-genetic material from one population to another, influencing allele frequency by increasing genetic isolation.

• Gene flow is the transfer of genetic material from one population to another, influencing allele frequency by introducing new alleles or changing the frequency of existing alleles.

• Gene flow is the transfer of genetic material within the same population, influencing allele frequency by reducing genetic diversity.

Discuss the impact of mutations on allele frequency.

• Mutations have no impact on allele frequency

• Mutations can introduce new alleles into a population or change the frequency of existing alleles, leading to changes in allele frequency over time.

• Mutations only affect the frequency of dominant alleles

• Mutations always decrease allele frequency

How does non-random mating affect allele frequency?

• It has no effect on allele frequency

• It can lead to an increase in the frequency of certain alleles and a decrease in others.

• It leads to a decrease in the frequency of all alleles

• It only affects the frequency of recessive alleles

A genetic bottleneck is an extreme example of genetic drift where most of the original population is removed. For example, American Bison were nearly hunted to extinction. Which of the following best describes the effect of a genetic bottleneck

• Genetic bottleneck increases genetic diversity and has no effect on allele frequency.

• Genetic bottleneck has no impact on genetic diversity and allele frequency.

• Genetic bottleneck can reduce genetic diversity and lead to a change in allele frequency.

• Genetic bottleneck leads to an increase in allele frequency and genetic diversity.

What role does immigration and emigration play in allele frequency?

• It has no impact on allele frequency

• It can introduce new alleles to a population or remove existing alleles, thus affecting allele frequency.

• It only affects the frequency of dominant alleles

• It decreases genetic diversity

How can environmental changes impact allele frequency?

• Genetic drift causing random changes in allele frequency

• Migration of individuals causing a decrease in allele frequency

• Natural selection favoring certain alleles

• Environmental changes leading to increased mutation rates