Understanding the Nervous System: Neurons and Reflexes

What is the correct sequence of structures that a signal travels through in a reflex arc?

• Receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, effector

• Sensory neuron, receptor, effector, motor neuron

• Receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector

• Effector, motor neuron, interneuron, sensory neuron, receptor

Which type of neuron transmits signals from the central nervous system to muscles or glands?

• Sensory neuron

• Motor neuron

• Interneuron

• Schwann cell

What part of the neuron receives incoming signals from other neurons?

• Axon

• Dendrites

• Cell body

• Myelin sheath

Which of the following is NOT a function of the myelin sheath?

• Speeds up the transmission of electrical signals

• Insulates the axon

• Participates in the protection of neurons

• Transmits electrical signals to other neurons

What is the gap between two neurons called?

• Axon hillock

• Synapse

• Dendritic spine

• Node of Ranvier

Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in the regulation of mood and anxiety?

• Dopamine

• Serotonin

• Acetylcholine

• GABA

What is the role of acetylcholine (neurotransmitter) in the nervous system?

• It inhibits (slows) heart rate

• It stimulates muscle contraction

• It promotes sleep

• It decreases memory formation

Which part of the neuron conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body?

• Dendrites

• Axon

• Nucleus

• Soma

What type of neuron is found only in the central nervous system and connects sensory and motor neurons?

• Sensory neuron

• Motor neuron

• Interneuron

• Schwann cell

What is the primary function of neurotransmitters in the nervous system?

• To provide structural support to neurons

• To transmit signals between neurons

• To insulate axons

• To supply nutrients to neurons