Ocean unit 10

Which of the following is an example of intraspecific competition?

• Two species of dolphins feeding on the same population of fish

• Two species of fish attempting to use the same rocky ledge as habitat

• Two individuals in a population of clownfish attempting to use the same anemone as habitat

• Two species of barnacles competing for space on a rocky shoreline

• Two species of seals fighting over space on a beach to rear their young

A population's carrying capacity is:

• The number of individuals a habitat can support with available resources

•  

  Affected by the growth rate of the population

• A constant that has been predetermined for all habitats

• The number of individuals in a habitat

•  

  Determined by comparing birth rate and death rate in a population

The amount of chlorophyll in the water is a direct estimate of:

• Respiration

• Primary production

• Standing stock of phytoplankton

• Release of nutrients

•  

  Oxygen utilization

An example of a community is:

• All physical factors affecting a kelp forest

• One giant kelp individual

• Several giant kelp individuals living in one particular area

• A kelp forest plus all the organisms living in it

• A kelp forest plus all of the physical factors affecting it

Competitive exclusion may be affected by:

• Disturbances to the habitat

• All of the above

• Abundance of a resource

• Temperature changes

• Disturbances to the habitat and temperature changes

In the dark-light bottle experiment, which of the following is measured in the dark bottle?

• Photosynthesis plus respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Decomposition

• Respiration

• Chlorophyll concentration

The pyramid of biomass shows the:

• Energy in each trophic level

• Productivity of different types of producers in a food web

• Number of individuals in each trophic level

• Transfer of energy between each trophic level

• Weight of organisms in each trophic level

A chiton increases the abundance of its prey, a coralline algae, by feeding on the algae that stimulates the growth of that algae. This is an example of:

• Stabilizing selection

• Indirect interaction

• Trophic cascade

• Directional selection

• Competitive exclusion

An algae begins to produce chemical defenses after it has been grazed upon by a herbivore. This is an example of:

• Dependent defense

• Deliberate defense

• 
   Inducible defense

• Designed defense

• Reactive defense

Predation can be best defined as:

• A plant taking in nutrients

• An animal eating any other organism

• A plant carrying out photosynthesis

• An animal eating scavenged decayed material

• An animal eating a plant