Atomic Structure and Periodic Table Quizizz

The atoms of a certain element each contain 11 protons and 1 valence electron. Which statement correctly identifies this element and describes its chemical reactivity?

• The element is Sodium and it is highly reactive

• The element is Fluorine and it is not very reactive

• The element is Sodium and it is not very reactive

• The element is Fluorine and it is highly reactive

Answer explanation

Since Sodium has an atomic number of 11, that indicates that the number of protons within its nucleus is also 11. Sodium is very reactive, as it has low electronegativity. Meaning, that it has one valence electron in its outer shell that will be used for bonding with elements that are in Group 17.

Atoms of which two elements have a combined total of 23 protons?

• Sodium, Na and Magnesium, Mg

• Boron, B and Carbon, C

• Copper, Cu and Zinc, Zn

• None of the above

Answer explanation

Since Sodium has an atomic number of 11 and Magnesium has an atomic number of 12, they each have a total number of protons of 11 and 12 within their nucleus. Therefore, the combined total of protons will equal to be 23. (11+12=23)

Which of the following identifies the number and location of protons in a lithium atom? 

• 3 protons, located in the nucleus of the atom

• 7 protons, located in the nucleus of the atom

• 3 protons, located in a orbital outside of the nucleus

• 7 protons, located in an orbital outside of the nucleus

Answer explanation

Because Lithium has an atomic number of 3, this indicates that there are three protons inside the nucleus of the atom.

Silver (Ag) has 47 protons in each atom. Based on this information, which of the following also describes an atom of silver?

• It has no neutrons in its nucleus

• It has 47 electrons

• It has 23 neutrons and 24 electrons

• It has a total of 94 neutrons and electrons

Answer explanation

All elements of the periodic table are considered to be atomically neutral. This means that the number of protons and electrons will equal each other so that the overall charge of the atom will equal zero. Also, remember APE-MAN

Atomic # = Protons = Electrons

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An atom of which of the following is represented by the model?

(The darker shade dots are protons inside the nucleus)

• Boron (B)

• Carbon (C)

• Neon (Ne)

• Sodium (Na)

Answer explanation

Since Boron has an atomic number of 5, this indicates that there will be 5 protons within the nucleus of the atom. Inside the nucleus of the model, there are 5 darker circles which represents the protons.

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Which statement correctly describes the location and charge of the electrons in an atom?

• The electrons are located in the nucleus and have no charge

• The electrons are located outside of the nucleus and have no charge

• The electrons are inside the nucleus and have a negative charge

• The electrons are located outside of the nucleus and have a negative charge

Answer explanation

Electrons are located in the electron cloud that is outside of the nucleus of an atom. The charge of these electrons are negative.

A chemist is identifying the elements present in a sample of seawater. What characteristic of an element’s atoms always determines the element’s identity?

• The number of protons

• The number of neutrons

• The number of electrons

• The location of the valence electrons

Answer explanation

Each element on the periodic table has a unique number of protons. If I was given an atom that has 1 proton, that means the atom MUST be a hydrogen atom. If the atom had more than 1 proton, it could not be hydrogen. The number of protons give the atoms their specific identity.

What is the mass number of a potassium (K) atom that has 20 neutrons?

• 18

• 19

• 20

• 39

Answer explanation

The mass number of any element on the periodic table equals the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus (Protons + Neutrons=Mass Number). Since Potassium has a mass number of 19, this means it has 19 protons in its nucleus. Combine this number with the number of neutrons it has, 20 and it will equal to be 39. (19+20=39)

When trying to identify an unknown element, a scientist determines what other elements the unknown element reacts with chemically. Which property of the unknown element determines the other elements it reacts with?

• The total number of neutrons in the unknown element

• the total number of particles in the nucleus of the unknown element

• the number of protons in the nucleus of the unknown element

• The valence electrons on the outside of the nucleus of the unknown element

Answer explanation

The valence electrons determines the reactivity of the element. Group 1 has only 1 valence electron. They are highly reactive because they can get rid of their one electron easily. Group 17 has 7 valence electrons. They only need one more electron to fill their outer shell, so they are highly reactive. Group 18 has 8 electrons in their outer shell. They have full outer shells so they are NOT REACTIVE.

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A student is studying calcium, a highly reactive element that humans need for strong bones. Which characteristic of calcium is most closely related to its chemical reactivity?

• the 20 protons in each atom of calcium

• the density of calcium

• The atomic mass of calcium, which is 40.078

• The 2 valence electrons in the outer most energy level of Calcium

Answer explanation

The electrons determine the chemical reactivity of the element. Since Calcium has 2 valence electrons, it is very reactive as it will give away those two electrons to elements that are in Group 16.

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