AP Psychology Cognition and Intelligence

Our mental image that best represents a category is called a...

• Insight

• Heuristic

• Prototype

• Algorithm

• Retrieval

Which type of creative thinking expands the number of possible problem solutions?

• Divergent Thinking

• Convergent Thinking

• Intrinsic Motivation

• Availability Heuristic

• Representative Heuristic

What is our tendency to think we know or can perform better or more accurately than we really can?

• Confirmation Bias

• Overconfidence

• Intuition

• Insight

• Algorithm

A chess-playing computer program that routinely calculates all possible outcomes of all possible game moves best illustrates problem solving by means of

• the availability heuristic.

• belief perseverance.

• an algorithm.

• the representativeness heuristic.

• fixation.

In trying to solve a potentially complicated problem quickly, we are most likely to rely on

• prototypes.

• heuristics.

• phonemes.

• algorithms.

• framing.

When designing an experiment, one way to avoid bias is to make sure all people in the sample to be studied have an equal opportunity to be placed in the experimental group.

• random assignment

• random sampling

stereotypes

• available heuristics

• representative heuristics

The extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest is called __________________________.

• standardization.

• reliability.

• content validity.

• predictive validity.

A self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype is called (an) ___________.

• crystallized intelligence.

• intellectual disability.

• stereotype threat.

• heritability.

Fred and Eric are identical twins. Which is likely true about their intelligence?

• Their intelligence test scores are closely matched.

• Their brain matter volume and activation are different.

• Their environment has no influence on their intelligence.

• They have the same intelligence correlations as adopted siblings would.