Traits & Reproduction

Three tigers have different parents. They all have the same proteins for stripe pattern in their cells. What can you say about the tigers' stripe patterns?

• They will have the same stripe patterns since all tigers have the same stripe patterns.

• They will have the same stripe patterns since their proteins for stripe pattern are the same so the proteins will connect in the same way.

• They will have different stripe patterns because even with the same proteins for stripe pattern, the proteins can connect in different ways.

• They will have different stripe patterns since only offspring from the same parents have the same stripe patterns.

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Two goldfish have different parents. One fish has a split tail and the other does not. Why do the goldfish have tails with different shapes?

• Each goldfish has a different tail shape because offspring from different parents will have different tail shapes.

• Each goldfish has a different tail shape because they have different versions of the gene for tail shape that connect together to make different tail shapes.

• The goldfish have different versions of the gene for tail shape. The genes are split inside one goldfish's tail but not inside the other's.

• The goldfish have different versions of the gene for tail shape, which instruct for different proteins that connect in different ways to make different tail shapes.

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A young goat has downward-curved horns. Its father has upward-curved horns while its mother has downward-curved horns. Which of these statements explains why the young goat has downward-curved horns?

• The young goat inherited one copy of the gene for horn shape from its mother and one copy from its father. That gene combination instructs for proteins that connect in ways that make downward-curved horns.

• The young goat inherited one copy of the gene for horn shape from its mother and one copy from its father. Those genes connect together to make its downward-curved horns.

• The young goat inherited its copies of the gene for horn shape from its mother and not from its father. Just like its mother’s genes, those genes instruct for proteins that connect in ways that make its downward-curved horns.

• The young goat inherited its copies of the gene for horn shape from its mother and not from its father. Those genes connect together to make its downward-curved horns.

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Shi'qira reads an article about a family of wildcats. One of them had a mutation for tooth sharpness. Which of these statements about the wildcat with the mutation is true?

• There must have been a change in the wildcat’s genes.

• The wildcat must have sharper teeth.

• There will be no change to the wildcat’s teeth.

• The wildcat must have less sharp teeth.

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NGSS.MS-LS3-1

There are two junco birds that each have different proteins in their cells for beak pointiness. They have different parents. What can you say about the birds' beak pointiness?

• They will have the same beak pointiness because even with different proteins for beak pointiness, the proteins can connect in the same way.

• They will have different beak pointiness since offspring from different parents will have different beak pointiness.

• They will have different beak pointiness since their proteins for beak pointiness are different so the proteins will connect in different ways.

• They will have the same beak pointiness since all junco birds have the same beak pointiness.

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Two rabbits have different parents. One rabbit has ears that flop over, and the other rabbit has ears that stand straight up. Why do the rabbits have ears with different shapes?

• The rabbits have different versions of the gene for ear shape. The genes are only standing straight up in the cells of one rabbit’s ears.

• The rabbits have different versions of the gene for ear shape, which instruct for different proteins that connect in different ways to make different ear shapes.

• Each rabbit has a different ear shape because offspring from different parents will have different ear shapes.

• Each rabbit has a different ear shape because they have different versions of the gene for ear shape that connect together to make different ear shapes.

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A father sheep has curly wool while a mother sheep has straight wool. Which of these statements explains why one of their baby lambs has curly wool?

• The baby lamb inherited its copies of the gene for wool shape from its father and not from its mother. Just like its father’s genes, those genes instruct for proteins that connect in ways that make its wool curly.

• The baby lamb inherited its copies of the gene for wool shape from its father and not from its mother. Those genes connect together to make its wool curly.

• The baby lamb inherited one copy of the gene for wool shape from its father and one copy from its mother. That gene combination instructs for proteins that make its wool curly.

• The baby lamb inherited one copy of the gene for wool shape from its father and one copy from its mother. Those genes connect together to make its curly wool.

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The body cells of scorpions have proteins that connect together. In one scorpion, the structure of the proteins in the body cells changed, but the amount of that type of protein in the cell stayed the same. What happened to the function of that type of protein?

• The changed protein connects differently, but its function doesn’t change.

• The changed protein connects differently, so its function changes.

• The changed protein connects in the same way, but its function changes.

• The amount of that type of protein stayed the same, so its function doesn’t change.

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Hannah is trying to figure out how tooth size is determined in two different wolves. In wolf 1, the copies of the gene are different from each other. In wolf 2, the copies of the gene are the same as each other. How does this affect how many types of proteins there are in each tooth cell?

• Wolf 1 has one type of protein for the tooth size feature. Wolf 2 has one type of protein for the tooth size feature.

• Wolf 1 has two types of protein for the tooth size feature. Wolf 2 has one type of protein for the tooth size feature.

• Wolf 1 has two types of protein for the tooth size feature. Wolf 2 has two types of protein for the tooth size feature.

• It is impossible to say anything about proteins from the given information.

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There are two bears that both have the same proteins for ear shape in their cells. The bears have different parents. What can you say about the bears' ear shape?

• They will have the same ear shape since their proteins for ear shape are the same so the proteins will connect in the same way.

• They will have the same ear shape since all bears have the same ear shape.

• They will have different ear shapes because even with the same proteins for ear shape, the proteins can connect in different ways.

• They will have different ear shapes since only offspring from the same parents have the same ear shape.

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