Database fundamentals III

In database management, what does the term "Programmatic Access" primarily refer to?

• The process of establishing q new database from a backup.

• The process of adjusting the server setting.

• The action of accessing data through a software or application using API's or libraries

• assigning roles and permissions to users

Answer explanation

Programmatic Access refers to interacting with the database through a program or software application often by using APIs, libraries, or code. This is in contrast to manual access where SQL queries or commands are written by hand. While adjusting server settings is part of database management, it does not primarily involve Programmatic Access. Programmatic Access does not primarily refer to the process of creating a new database from a backup. Assigning roles and permissions to users falls under the concept of database security, not Programmatic Access.

You have been tasked to establish a new table named 'Employees' in your SQL database. The table needs to have columns for 'EmployeeID', 'FirstName', and 'LastName'. Which command would you use to establish this table through SQL?

• Drop Table employees

• select employee id , first name, last name from employees

• update employee set employeeID= int, FIRST NAME = varchar(255) last name= varchar(255)

• Create table employees (employee ID int, First Name varchar(255), Last Name varchar(255)

Answer explanation

The CREATE TABLE command is used to create a new table in SQL. The parameters in the parentheses define the columns of the table and their data types. The SELECT command is used to retrieve data from a database, not to create a table. The UPDATE command in SQL is used to modify the data in an existing database table, not to create a new table. The DROP TABLE command is used to completely remove a table from a database, not to create a new one.

Which type of database commands enable you to insert or update records and extract information for viewing?

• Data definition language (DDL) commands

• Data control language (DCL) commands

• data manipulation language (DML) commands

• Data query language (DQL).

Answer explanation

Data Manipulation Language (DML) commands. DML commands, such as INSERT, UPDATE, and SELECT, are specifically designed to manipulate data within a database. They allow you to insert new records into a table, update existing records with new values, and extract information from records for viewing through queries. Data Definition Language (DDL) commands are used to define and manage the structure of a database, such as creating tables or altering their structure. DDL commands are not primarily focused on manipulating data records. Data Query Language (DQL) is not a widely used term in database systems. While queries are an essential part of data manipulation, the term DQL is not commonly used to represent a specific category of commands. Data Control Language (DCL) commands are used to manage user permissions and access control within a database. DCL commands are not directly involved in manipulating data records.

Which of the following tools is the BEST example of a query/report builder?

• Javascript

• PHP

• SQL Server Reporting services (SSRS).

• Microsoft excel

Answer explanation

SSRS is a server-based report generating software system from Microsoft. It is used to prepare and deliver a variety of interactive and printed reports. While Excel can be used to generate reports, it is primarily a spreadsheet program and not specifically a query/report builder. PHP is a widely-used open source scripting language that is especially suited for web development, not considered a query/report builder. While JavaScript is a powerful scripting language used in web development, it is not considered a query/report builder.

What is the significance of data persistence in a database?

• It protects the database from cyber threats.

• it allows for data to be stored securely and remain intact even when the application is terminated.

• it increases the speed of data retrieval.

• it reduces the need for data input.

Answer explanation

Data persistence in databases ensures that data remains secure and intact even when the application is terminated. This means that the data can be accessed and used again when the application is restarted. Data persistence refers to the longevity of data, not protection against threats. However, secure data persistence is a critical aspect of overall data security. While a well-designed database can speed up data retrieval, data persistence primarily refers to the long-term storage of data. Data persistence doesn't reduce the need for data input, but ensures the longevity and accessibility of the data once it's been input.

Which SQL command is MOST suitable for altering data already stored in an SQL database?

• Delete

• Insert

• Update

• select

Answer explanation

The UPDATE command is used to modify existing records in a database. This command is ideally suited for data manipulation. The DELETE command is aimed at removing records from a database, not altering the existing data. The SELECT command is used to retrieve data from a database, it does not modify data. The INSERT command is used to add new records into a database, not for modifying existing ones.

Which command in SQL is primarily used to eliminate existing databases, tables, or indexes?

• Drop

• Create

• Alter

• Permissions.

Answer explanation

The DROP command in SQL is used to eliminate existing databases, tables, or indexes. It is intended for the purpose of removal in database operations. The ALTER command in SQL is used to modify the structure of an existing database, table, or column, not for eliminating them. "PERMISSIONS" isn't a recognized SQL command. Managing permissions is related to user rights and access within a database system, not to the elimination of objects in a database. The CREATE command in SQL is used to establish new databases, tables, or indexes. It does not eliminate existing ones.

What is the role of a row in a Database Management System (DBMS)?

• To control access permissions to the database

• to define the relationship between tables in the database

• to represent a unique record in a database table.

• to improve the performance of database queries.

Answer explanation

In a DBMS, a row (also known as a record or tuple) represents a single, implicitly structured data item in a table. Each row in a table represents a set of related data, and every row in the table has the same structure. While having an organized row structure can help manage data effectively, the role of a row isn't directly tied to improving the performance of database queries. Enhancing query performance is generally addressed via other strategies, such as indexing. Access permissions are not controlled by rows. They are generally managed at the database or table level in a DBMS and don't relate to the function of a row. Relationships between tables are generally defined by keys and constraints, not by rows.