Energy Transfer and Ecosystems

What is the process by which energy is passed from one organism to another in the form of food?

• Photosynthesis

• Water cycle

• Cellular respiration

• Food chain or trophic transfer

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Give an example of an abiotic factor in an ecosystem.

• Animals

• Sunlight

• Rainfall

• Trees

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Name one biotic factor in a forest ecosystem.

• Clouds

• Rivers

• Trees

• Rocks

Define competition in the context of ecology.

• The struggle between organisms for resources such as food, water, and shelter.

• The peaceful coexistence of organisms in an ecosystem

• The absence of interaction between organisms in an ecosystem

• The cooperation between organisms for resources

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

Explain the concept of a food chain and provide an example.

• An example of a food chain is water (producer) -> fish (primary consumer) -> bear (secondary consumer).

• An example of a food chain is grass (producer) -> deer (primary consumer) -> lion (secondary consumer).

• An example of a food chain is sun (producer) -> tree (primary consumer) -> bird (secondary consumer).

• An example of a food chain is grass (producer) -> rabbit (primary consumer) -> fox (secondary consumer).

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What is an energy pyramid and how does it represent the flow of energy in an ecosystem?

• It represents the flow of energy in an ecosystem by showing the transfer of energy from one trophic level to another, with the highest energy level at the bottom and the lowest at the top.

• It represents the flow of energy in an ecosystem by showing the transfer of energy from one trophic level to another, with the highest energy level at the top and the lowest at the bottom.

• It represents the flow of energy in an ecosystem by showing the transfer of energy from one trophic level to another, with the lowest energy level at the bottom and the highest at the top.

• It represents the flow of energy in an ecosystem by showing the transfer of energy from one trophic level to another, with equal energy levels at each level.

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Differentiate between a food chain and a food web.

• A food chain is a web of interconnected organisms, while a food web is a linear sequence of organisms.

• A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms, while a food web consists of many interconnected food chains.

• A food chain and a food web are the same thing.

• A food chain is only found in aquatic ecosystems, while a food web is only found in terrestrial ecosystems.

What is a producer in an ecosystem and what role do they play?

• Organisms that only consume food from other organisms

• Organisms that live in the deep ocean and produce light through bioluminescence

• Organisms that can make their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis and provide food and energy for other organisms

• Organisms that are responsible for breaking down dead organic matter in the ecosystem

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What is a consumer and how does it obtain energy?

• Consumers obtain energy by photosynthesis

• Consumers obtain energy by absorbing sunlight

• Consumers obtain energy by breathing air

• Consumers obtain energy by consuming other organisms or organic matter.

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Define autotroph and give an example of an autotrophic organism.

• An example of an autotrophic organism is a plant, such as a sunflower or a maple tree.

• An example of an autotrophic organism is a mushroom

• An example of an autotrophic organism is a lion

• An example of an autotrophic organism is a whale

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