Punnett Squares

A Punnett square is a ​ (a)   that allows you to easily determine the expected ​ (b)   of different ​ (c)   in the ​ (d)   of two parents. An example of a Punnett square for pea plants is shown here. In this example, both parents are ​ (e)   for flower color (Pp).

• chart
• percentage
• genotypes
• offspring
• heterozygous

In a broad sense, the term "genotype" refers to the ​ (a)   of an organism; in other words, it describes an organism's ​ (b)   . In a more narrow sense, the term can be used to refer to the ​ (c)   , or variant forms of a ​ (d)   , that are carried by an organism.

• genetic makeup
• complete set of genes
• alleles
• gene

The presence of ​ (a)   at a particular ​ (b)   . A ​ (c)   genotype may include one ​ (d)   and one mutated allele or two different mutated alleles (compound heterozygote).

• two different alleles
• gene locus
• heterozygous
• normal allele

Gene locus is the physical site or location of a specific ​ (a)   on a ​ (b)   .

• gene
• chromosome

We all have two alleles, or versions, of each gene. Being ​ (a)   for a particular gene means you inherited two identical versions. It's the opposite of a ​ (b)   genotype, where the alleles are different. People who have recessive traits, like blue eyes or red hair, are always homozygous for that gene.

• homozygous
• heterozygous

The gametes produced by the ​ (a)   are at the top of the chart, and the gametes produced by the ​ (b)   are along the side. The different possible combinations of alleles in their offspring are determined by filling in the cells of the ​ (c)   with the correct letters (alleles). 

 

• female parent
• male parent
• Punnett square

A ​ (a)   is a scoring of the type of variant present at a given location (i.e., a locus) in the genome. It can be represented by ​ (b)   . For example, BB, Bb, bb could be used to represent a given variant in a gene.

• genotype
• symbols

​ (a)   are always expressed when the connected allele is dominant, even if only one copy of the dominant trait exists. ​ (b)   are expressed only if both the connected alleles are recessive.

• Dominant traits
• Recessive traits

Heterozygous are

• The same pair of genes

• different pair of genes

• bb

Recessive genes are

• strong genes

• weak genes

• BB