Chapter 15: The Human Genome

Cuts large DNA sequences into small ones - ​ (a)  

Image of the complete diploid set of chromosomes grouped into homologous pairs - ​ (b)  

The 44 human chromosomes that do not determine sex - ​ (c)  

Human cell containing 46 chromosomes - ​ ​ (d)  

• Restriction Enzyme
• Karyotype
• Autosomal Chromosome
• Diploid

Chart showing the presence or absence of a trait in family members over several generations - ​ (a)  

Full set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA - ​ (b)  

The two chromosomes (X and Y) that determine a human's sex - ​ (c)  

Human gamete cells that contain 23 chromosomes - ​ (d)  

• Pedigree
• Genome
• Sex Chromosome
• Haploid

In humans, the presence of dimples is due to simple dominance. Knowing that, determine the phenotype of the two people below AND the genotype and phenotype of their offspring.

• no dimples

• Mom (DD)

• dimples (Dd)

• Dad (dd)

• dimples

• Child

Which blood type is considered the Universal Donor?

• A

• B

• AB

• O

Which blood type is considered the Universal Recipient?

• A

• B

• AB

• O

Which TWO patterns of inheritance express blood type?

Groups:

(a) Express Blood Type

,

(b) DO NOT express blood type

• codominance

• polygenic inheritance

• multiple alleles

• incomplete dominance

The 3 types of alleles that determine blood type are: IA, IB, and i. Organize these 3 alleles into categories of codominant and recessive alleles.

Groups:

(a) Codominant

,

(b) Recessive

• IA

• i

• IB

What percentage of human sperm cells carry an X chromosome?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 100%

______ are more likely to exhibit sex-linked recessive traits.

• Males

• Females

Answer explanation

Males only have one X chromosome, so it only takes one recessive allele for a male to inherit a recessive disorder.

Females have two X chromosomes, so they require two recessive alleles to inherit the disorder.

the forming of a dense region on one of a female's X chromosomes called a Barr body

• Chromosomal Disorders

• X-Chromosome Inactivation

• Sex-Linked Inheritance